1.4 Inspection of load line mark, draught mark, hull color, etc.
Confirm that the ship has been marked correct load line, draught mark, operating draught and draught of the maximum submerged depth through initial survey and periodical survey.
1.4.1 Inspection of load line mark and draught mark of sea-going ships engaged on domestic voyages
1.4.1.1 Initial survey
1.4.1.1.1 Plans examination
Verify the integrity of approved plans related to load line mark and draught mark of ships and relevant comments, including but not limited to the following plans:
Freeboard calculations and plans showing ship’s main dimensions;
Load line mark and draught mark plans;
Plans which show special requirements for reduced freeboard ships, etc.
1.4.1.1.2 On-site survey
Verify that the load line, draught mark, operating draught and draught of the maximum submerged depth, etc. have been marked according to approved plans and ensure their consistence with plans. Attention is to be given to verifying the compliance with CMSA﹝2011﹞No.254 "Notice on Survey Guidelines of Load Line Mark, Draught Mark and Hull Color" and CMSA﹝2011﹞No.255 "Notice on Interim Provisions of Hull Color Mark and Draught Mark.(CCS Notice BJDND(2011)0300)
If applicable, inspect the special equipment for reduced freeboard ships.
Attention is to be given to whether the load line mark of the ship is compliant with requirements of the intended navigation area and season.
（1） Verify finished freeboard
a. Verify the implementation of comments of approved technical freeboard calculations, load line mark and draught mark plans.
b. Witness the measurement of moulded depth of actual craft (Note: moulded depth is measured from the upper edge of keel plate along with the side at the middle of the length, not from the average base line), confirm and endorse on the shipbuilder inspection report.
c. If the construction tolerance (△D) of moulded depth D is within standard tolerances recognized by CCS, that is to assign freeboard from top to bottom according to approved plans of load line mark.
d. If △D exceeds the standard tolerances recognized by CCS, shipbuilder may re-calculate it according to finished main dimensions and resubmit for approval, or the Surveyor may deal with deviated tolerances from the point of view of safety to assign finished freeboard according to the Regulations.
（2） Inspection of load line marks and draught marks
a. Check the accuracy of the load line marks according to the approved load line mark plan. The tolerances of height of load line are to be within ±1.0mm. Inspect diameter of ring, length and breadth of lines, position of deck line, the position of lines in relation to the deck line, the position of ring and its horizontal line in relation to the deck line as well as the accuracy of alphabetic symbols. As for sea-going ships engaged on domestic voyages, confirm that all lines are located at the ring fore direction according to the Regulations, only the mark of timber load line are located at the ring stern direction according to the Regulations. When CCS assigns the freeboard, use CS as abbreviated letters of the Administration of assignment as shown below. During the process of assignment, the center of the ring is to be located at the middle of the length of each side of ships. The specifications of the ring, line and abbreviated letters are shown in Figure 4.1 and 4.2.
They are to be marked on both sides of ships permanently. When facing load line mark, the sequence of abbreviated letters is from left to right according to English general writing.
aft deck line fore
Figure 4.1 Load line mark of the ship not carrying timber deck cargoes
aft deckline fore
Figure 4.2 Load line mark of the ship carrying timber deck cargoes
Note:
CS China Classification Society
RQ Tropical Fresh Water Load Line
Q Summer Fresh Water Load Line
R Tropical Load Line
X Summer Load Line
MRQ Tropical Fresh Water Timber Load Line
MQ Summer Fresh Water Timber Load Line
MR Tropical Timber Load Line
MX Summer Timber Load Line
* The height of freeboard is to be measured from the center of the ring to the upper edge of deck line
** The upper edge of horizontal centerline of the ring
*** All measurements are taken from the center of the ring to the upper edge of angular line
1.4.1.1.2.3 Load line mark may be marked on both sides of the middle of ship’s sides permanently through one of the following methods:
a. The mark is made of steel and welded on the ship’s side;
b. built up by welding to the edge of load line mark
The paint color of load line mark is to be clear. When the ship’s side is dark-colored, the mark is to be white or yellow; when the ship’s side is light-colored, the mark is to be black.
1.4.1.1.2.4 If the verified freeboard of the ship is bigger than the minimum freeboard, that is to say the marking of load line is equal to or lower than the position of the corresponding Summer Load Line of the minimum freeboard according to PART THREE of the Regulations, only the Fresh Water Load Line needs to be marked.
1.4.1.1.2.5 As for passenger ships, not only is the freeboard calculated according to the provisions on load line of the Regulations, but also meet the requirements of subdivision and stability of passenger ships of Ship Safety of PART FOUR of Technical Regulation for Statutory Survey of Sea-going Ships Engaged on Domestic Voyages. It is usual that geometric freeboard is smaller than that of calculations required by subdivision and stability of passenger ships, so the large freeboard is to be assigned. According to the principle of assignment for ‘greater than minimum freeboard ship’, the fresh water load line and subdivision load line C.1 are to be marked as the figure 4.3 shown.
fore
Figure 4.3
Load line mark can be marked as shown in figure 4.4 for passenger/cargo ships. When the ship does not carry passengers, it can be used as common cargo ship. However, it is to use C1 or C2 load line in the figure when carrying passengers.
fore
Figure 4.4
If all passenger spaces are used for carrying passengers, it is to carry cargoes and passengers according to "C1" subdivision load line; if only a part of passenger spaces is used for carrying passengers, it is to carry cargos and passengers according to "C2" subdivision load line.
1.4.1.1.2.6 As for ships operated in sheltered waters, pusher tug-barge combinations, semi-submersible vessels and working ships, the verification and survey of the freeboard are to be in accordance with special provisions and requirements of the Regulations.
1.4.1.1.2.7 Survey of draught marks: the lower edge of draught number is flush with that of the corresponding draught scale, and the boundary line of full-load draught water-line is passing through the center of the ring of load line. The standard tolerance of draught mark position is within ±1.0mm with the allowed limitation ±2.0mm. The draught marks of fore and aft sides are to be marked at the position of fore and aft perpendiculars as far as possible, and parallelly extended to step-mark according to the reality, while the stern draught mark may mark at the appropriate place of the after side of rudder. When the draught marks are marked at both sides amidships of the length of the ship, the draught mark of sea-going ships engaged on domestic voyages is marked at the 1200mm aft of the center of load line ring or at the nearest frame. The method of marking draught marks permanently and the color of draught marks are the same as the requirements of load line mark in 4.1.1.2.3.
The shell of hull from fore to aft is divided by horizontal extension line at the upper edge of the horizontal line of the load line mark, while the color of the upper shell plate is to be obviously different from that of the lower shell plate.
1.4.1.1.2.8 Inspect the special equipment of reduced freeboard ship
1.4.1.1.2.9 Attention is to be given to whether the load line mark of the ship in survey is compliant with requirements of the intended navigation area and season.
The boundary of navigation area and season is as following:
（1）Coast areas of China, north of Shantou:
Season periods:
TROPICAL: 16 April to 31 October;
SUMMER: 1 November to 15 April.
（2）Coast areas of China, south of Shantou:
Season periods:
TROPICAL: 16 February to 31 October;
SUMMER: 1 November to 15 February.
Shantou Port is to be regarded as within the zone or area from or into which the ship arrives or departs.
1.4 载重线标志、水尺、船体颜色等的检查
通过初次检验和定期检验确认船舶正确勘划了载重线、水尺、作业吃水、最大沉深吃水等标志。
1.4.1 国内海船载重线标志、水尺等的检查
1.4.1.1 初次检验
1.4.1.1.1 图纸的审查
查核业经审批的与船舶载重线标志、水尺等有关的设计图纸资料的完整性及相关的审图意见，包括但不限于下列图纸：
干舷计算书及表明船舶主尺度的图纸；
载重线标志及水尺图；
反映被允许以减少干舷航行船舶特殊要求的图纸；等。
1.4.1.1.2 现场检验
核查船舶在其载重线、水尺、作业吃水、最大沉深吃水等标志方面已按审批图纸进行勘划，确认船图一致性。并注意核查海船检﹝2011﹞254号“关于印发载重线标志和水尺堪划及船体颜色检验指南的通知”和海船检﹝2011﹞255“关于印发船体颜色标志和水尺堪划暂行规定的通知”要求（我社BJDND(2011)0300号通知）的满足情况。
适用时，检查被允许减少干舷航行船舶的特殊装置。
注意关注该船的载重线标志是否满足该船的航行区域和季节的要求。
（1） 完工干舷核定
a.核查批准的技术设计的干舷计算书和载重线标志及水尺图审批意见的落实情况。
b.见证实船型深测定（注：型深是在船长中点处沿船舷由平板龙骨上缘起量，而不应自平均基线起量）并对船厂检验报告认可签署。
c.型深D的建造公差（△D）如在本社认可标准的公差范围，即按审批的技术设计载重线标志图自上而下勘划干舷。
d.如△D超出认可标准的公差范围，可由船厂按完工主尺度重新计算再次送审，亦可由执行验船师按法规要求，从偏于安全角度处理公差而勘定完工干舷。
（2） 载重线标志及水尺标志检查
a.根据批准的载重线标志图检查载重线标志勘划的正确性。载重线位置的高低偏差应在±1.0mm范围内。检查圆盘直径和各线段的宽度和长度、甲板线位置、各线段与甲板线的相对位置、圆盘及其水平线与甲板线的相对位置、各字母符号的正确性。对国内海船应确认各线段均按规定位于圆盘船首方向，仅木材载重线标志按规定系位于圆盘船尾方向。由中国船级社勘划干舷时，采用CS为勘划机构的简称字母，如下图所示。标绘时，环的中心应位于船舶每舷按法规所规定的长度中点。环、线和字母的规格如图4.1、4.2所示。
它们还应是永久地标志在船舶的两舷，面向载重线标志时，字母顺序排列按英文习惯自左至右。
图4.1 非装载木材货物的船舶的载重线标志
图4.2 装载木材货物船舶的载重线标志
注：
CS 中国船级社
RQ 热带淡水载重线
Q 夏季淡水载重线
R 热带载重线
X 夏季载重线
MRQ 热带淡水木材载重线
MQ 夏季淡水木材载重线
MR 热带木材载重线
MX 夏季木材载重线
* 干舷高度应自环中心量至甲板线上缘
** 环水平中心线上缘
*** 所有测量均从环中心至角线上缘
1.4.1.1.2.3 载重线标志可用下述方法之一永久地勘划在船舷中部两侧：
a. 标志用钢板制成实样焊接在船舷；
b. 堆焊载重线标志的边线。
载重线标志的油漆颜色应清晰，当船舷为暗色底者，应漆白色或黄色，当船舷为浅色底者，应漆黑色。
1.4.1.1.2.4 如船舶所核定的干舷比最小干舷为大，因而其载重线是勘划在相当或低于根据法规第三篇本篇所核定的最小干舷相应的夏季载重线位置时，可仅勘划淡水载重线。
1.4.1.1.2.5 对于客船不但需要按法规有关载重线的规定计算干舷，而且还应满足《国内航行国内海船法定检验技术规则》第四篇“船舶安全”对客船的分舱与稳性的要求。通常形状干舷小于按客船的分舱与稳性要求计算的干舷，这时应勘划较大的干舷，按富裕干舷的原则，应勘划淡水载重线及分舱载重线C.1，如图4.3所示。
图4.3
对于客货船可以勘划如图4.4所示的载重线标志。当其不搭载旅客时，可以当做普通货物运输船舶使用。但当其搭载旅客时应使用图中的C1或C2载重线。
图4.4
如果全部旅客处所都用来载客时，则应按“C1”分舱载重线装载客货；如果只利用部分旅客处所用来载客时，则可按“C2”分舱载重线装载客货。
1.4.1.1.2.6 对于遮蔽航区船舶、顶推船—驳船组合体、半潜船和工程船舶，尚应注意按照法规的特殊规定和要求进行干舷核定和检验。
1.4.1.1.2.7 水尺标志检查：水尺数字的下缘与对应吃水的水尺刻度线下缘平齐，满载吃水水线分界线经过载重线标志圆圈圆心。水尺位置高低偏差标准在±1.0mm范围内，允许极限为±2.0mm。首、尾两舷水尺标志尽可能勘划在首、尾垂线处，并可根据实际情况平行引伸勘划成阶梯状，尾部可以将水尺标志勘划在舵叶后缘适当位置；船长中部两舷勘划水尺标志时，国内海船水尺标志在载重线圆环中心向后1200mm处或最近的肋位上。永久性勘划水尺标志的方法和水尺标志颜色与4.1.1.2.3条对载重线标志的要求相同。
船体外侧从船首至船尾以载重线标志中水平线的上边缘的水平延伸线为界，其上下壳板的油漆颜色应明显不相同。
1.4.1.1.2.8 检查被允许减少干舷航行船舶的特殊装置。
1.4.1.1.2.9 检验中还应注意关注船舶的载重线标志是否满足该船计划的营运航行区域和季节的要求。航行区域和季节划分如下：
（1）汕头以北的中国沿海：
季节期：
热带：自4月16日至10月31日；
夏季：自11月1日至4月15日。
（2）汕头以南的中国沿海：
季节期：
热带：自2月16日至10月31日；
夏季：自11月1日至2月15日。
汕头港应被当作处于船舶驶来或驶往的区域内。
