2.10   Navigation equipment

2.10.1  Provision of navigation equipment

2.10.1.1 Navigation equipment for sea-going ships engaged on domestic voyages are to be provided in accord with the navigation area, uses and gross tonnages as required by relevant laws and rules.

2.10.1.2 Ship-borne electronic nautical chart system provided for the ships is to comply with the requirements for Class A equipment as specified in Requirements for Function, Performance and Test of Ship-borne ECS for Ships Engaged on Domestic Voyages (Provisional), the ship may select to install electronic nautical chart display and information system (ECDIS) required in MSC.232(82) Resolutions.

2.10.1.3 Performances of class A AIS provided for ships are to comply with the requirements of AIS Class A Ship-borne Equipment-Operation and Performance Requirements, Test Methods and Required Test Results; performance of class B AIS provided for ships are to comply with the Technical Requirements for Ship-borne Class B AIS Equipment for Ships Engaged on Domestic Voyages (SOTDMA) (provisional).

2.10.1.4 For ships less than 500GT, if it is not provided with gyro compass, a transmitting heading device is to be fitted to input the magnetic compass’s heading information into the automatic identification system fitted for the ship, electronic nautical chart and radar. Transmitting heading device is subject to the type approval.

2.10.2   Power supply to the navigation equipment

（1）     Navigation equipment for ships of 5,000GT and upwards is to be power supplied by the main source of power and emergency source of power. Navigation equipment for ships less than 5,000GT is simply power supplied by the main source of power.

（2）     If the navigation equipment is to adopt more than one source of power, a conversion switch for quick conversion from one power source to another is to be provided.

2.10.3  Survey of navigation equipment generally includes visual inspections and function test. For details, refer to the following.

2.10.4   General inspections

（1）     For navigation equipment on new building ships, verify the approved plans and technical documents. Check the installations, arrangement and provisions of navigation equipment. Check the product approval certificates and/or product certificates. Conduct function test of the equipment as per the Technical Regulation for Statutory Survey of Sea-going Ships Engaged on Domestic Voyages.

（2）     For ships in service, follow the requirements of Technical Regulation for Statutory Survey of Sea-going Ships Engaged on Domestic Voyages,, conduct detailed examination of the provisions, installations and arrangement of the equipment. Conduct function tests in accord with Technical Regulation for Statutory Survey of Sea-going Ships Engaged on Domestic Voyages.

2.10.5   Standard magnetic compass

（1）     Magnetic compasses are to be installed as much as possible on the central longitudinal section. The bow position baseline is to indicate the direction of the bow, with an error of no more than ±0.5 degree. If necessary, conduct horizontal and alignment examinations.

（2）     Standard compass is so positioned that its visions are not to be shielded if possible (no more than 6 degrees for the best).  For the convenience of observing the horizontal and celestial azimuth, it is to be installed above the uppermost deck, that is, the compass deck.

（3）     Wheel man in the steering position is capable of clearly get the readings on steering magnetic compass or reflective reading disc.

（4）     Distance between magnetic compass and electric equipment is not to be less than that specified in the technical specifications, so as to minimize the external interference of magnetic fields.

（5）     Compass rose is to have no deformation or defects. Paints on the compass rose are not to have bubbles. Bolts and screws are not loosening up. Liquids in the compass rose are colorless, transparent, and with no foreign objects, or air bubbles with a diameter larger than 10mm, otherwise the liquids are to be replaced.

（6）     Reading of magnetic compass, illumination and electric repeating mechanism (if fitted) is to be power supplied by the main source of power and emergency source of power. Verify the compass’s illumination, light flux of reading dial and light modulator is continuously adjustable.

（7）     Magnetic compass is to be provided with projection needles or azimuth circle or azimuth mirror as a means for position measurement.

（8）     Magnetic compass is to have the first deviation check. Generally, it is to be conducted by a qualified compass technician during the pilot navigation. The deviation calibration curve is to be posted in the navigation bridge. Each year, magnetic compass is to have a deviation correction and a deviation table is to be compiled.

（9）     When the standard compass is a projection type or reflection type, reading is clearly to be observed from the steering position.

（10）  Check the communication facilities between steering position and standard compass. For instance, microphone is not plugged.

（11）  Verify the compass has been fitted with projection needles or azimuth circle or azimuth mirror as a means for position measurement.

2.10.6   Gyro compass

（1）     Gyro compass is so installed as it is convenient for maintenance;

（2）     Measure the height of gyro compass repeater for measurement of target positions. Ensure it is capable of measuring the point above the target on sea level. Ceilings hindering the measurement of targets in the sky are not to be installed;

（3）     Gyro compasses on ships of 5,000GT and upwards are to be power supplied by main source of power and emergency source of power;

（4）     Conduct visual inspections to verify it is in good working conditions without abnormal noises;

（5）     Confirm the consistency error between repeater and main compass indicator is kept within ±0.5 degree;

（6）     Navigation course compass is to be installed in the main steering position and emergency steering position in the navigation bridge (generally in the steering compartment;

（7）     It is capable of providing navigation course signals to the navigational aids (such as radar);

（8）     When main compass and position compass is installed on board, the bow and stern baselines are to be placed or in parallel to the ship’s central fore-and-aft section, with an error of no more than 0.5 degree.

2.10.7  Radar and other devices

2.10.7.1 Radar’s performance standards

（1）     Radar installed on ships before 1 March 2006 are to meet the requirements of Annex 3, Part 4 of 2004 Regulations. Effective diameter of radar’s screen is:
     Ships of 500≤GT＜1600: not less than 180mm（9 inches）；
     Ships of 1600≤GT＜10000：not less than 250mm（12 inches）；
     Ships of GT≥10000, not less than 340mm（16 inches），the other not less than 250mm（12 inches）.

（2）     Radar installed on ships on or after 1 March 2006 is to follow the requirements of Annex 3, Chapter 5, Part 4 of 2011 Regulations. Effective diameter of radar’s screen is:

Ships of 150≤GT＜1000: not less than 180mm（9 inches）；

Ships of 1000≤GT＜10000: not less than 250mm（12 inches）；

Ships of GT≥10000: not less than 340mm（16 inches）.

（3）     Radar newly installed on board on or after 1 March 2006 are to be provided with performance monitor to check at any time if the system performance is reducing significantly as compared with the standard performance set in time of installations.

2.10.7.2 Survey requirements for radar:

（1）      Installation examination

Installations are to comply with the requirements provided in the installation guidelines as specified in the manufacturer’s ex-factory documents. Pay special attention to the following:

A, Radar’s units are to be provided with desirable earthing measures.

B, When electric cables and wave guides get through watertight or fire-proof subdivision bulkheads, ensure the original integrity of the bulkhead. Currently on ships, most are soft wave guides. The installation and directions are to follow the requirements of instructions. Replacement is demanded in case of breaking or damages.

C, Frames for radar display units are to be provided with effective means against shocks.

D, Bending point of wave guides or radio frequency line is to be minimized as far as practicable, generally no more than 5. Wave guides are to be reliably fixed, and during the navigation process, avoid shocks. The connections are to guarantee watertightness. The bending radius of radio frequency is to be not less than the technical requirements by the manufacturer.

E, Position for installation of radar antenna has to take into account the working distance and blind spots that are no larger than 50m. if the ship is provided with two radars, the antennae are arranged as one upward and one downward as much as possible. The S-wave radar (or one with higher power) is upward and X-wave radar (the one with lower power) is downward.

F, If two radars are required, each radar is to be independently operated and running at the same time. If the two radars are set with conversion switches, in case one radar fails, it will not influence the integrity of the other radar.

（2）     Check radar’s operation knobs, conversion switches and indication units. Verify the target echoes in varied ranges are clear.

（3）     Conduct function test of radar’s functions: confirm radar is capable of north-up, head-up and track-up. The difference between head-up and north-up is in time of north-up, N 000 is displayed above radar, and only 0000 is displayed for head-up. During the test, use head-up method and confirm if the radar’s working status is proper by referring to an echo of a fixed target such as sea bank on radar and confirm relevant signals such as PS and compass signals are correctly input.

（4）     Measure the known distance, and target position. Check if the indications of distance and positions are correct and the reading on azimuth scale is consistent with the values displayed electronically. The distances and methods of the same target object indicated in varied ranges are consistent. Confirm radar’s fixed range marker, variable range and electronic position lines are displayed properly, and the distance and position in reference to the ship (authentic position or position to the ship) is to be displayed above the movable variable range and electronic position line.

（5）     Verify radar antenna is revolving steadily, with no obstructions or abnormal noises. The antenna wave guides are to be fixed reliably, free of damages or deformation.

2.10.7.3 Automatic radar plotting apparatus（ARPA）

（1） Performance standards:

   A, Radars newly installed on or after 1 March 2006 on ships of 10,00GT and upwards are to be provided with an automatic radar plotting device with a minimum effective diameter of 340mm as specified in A.823(19) Resolutions.

   B, ARPA is capable of automatically tracing and processing, and at the same time, displaying and updating at least 20 target messages.

（2）  Survey requirements:

       A, Capture the targets by manual means; then confirm the object captured has obvious marks in five out of ten continuous scannings to differentiate it from other targets on the display.

       B, Prove that the target is to be automatically traced after manual capture, and in one minute, display the target’s moving direction by vector or graphic form, and in 3 minutes, provide the following information by letters and numbers:

                 a Instant distance from the target;

 b Instant position of the target;

 c Calculated authentic navigation course of the target;

  d Calculated authentic speed of the target;

 e Distance from the observed closest point of approach;

 f Estimated time to CPA (TCPA).

 C, Send audible and visual signals in case of the following conditions:

 a Any identifiable target is close to the selected distance or selected area (alert area);

 b Any target intended to be traced is close to the selected minimum distance and time; 

 c Target lost;

 D, Confirm the unit for manual removal of targets delivers desirable performance;

E, Check the adjustment knobs and control switches, and have the system conduct self-examination procedures;

F, Verify if the targets and distances displayed on the system are consistent with the target echo waves on radar display;

       G, Check the signal inputs about the position of gyro compass.

2.10.7.4 Automatic tracing apparatus (ATA)

（1）   Performance standards:

       A, ATA may be a separate unit or combined into the maritime radar. If it is a separate unit, the operation performance is no inferior to the operation performance obtained from radar display. ATA is capable of automatic tracing and process and at the same displaying and continuously updating the target information for at least 10 months.

       B, If ARPA complying with performance standards are provided on board, ATA is not necessary. Major difference between ARPA and ATA is the test ship function.

（2）   Survey requirements：

       A, Capture the targets by manual means; then confirm the object captured has obvious marks in five out of ten continuous scannings to differentiate it from other targets on the display.

B, Prove that the target is to be automatically traced after manual capture, and in one minute, display the target’s moving direction by vector or graphic form, and in 3 minutes, provide the following information by letters and numbers:

a  Instant distance from the target;

b  Instant position of the target;

c  Calculated authentic navigation course of the target;

d  Calculated authentic speed of the target;

e  Distance from the observed closest point of approach;

f  Estimated time to CPA (TCPA).

 C, Test the audible and visual signals under the following circumstances:

a When any identifiable targets are close to the designated distance or through the selected areas (alert area);

 b When the scheduled traced target is close to the designated minimum distance and time;；

 c Any target gets lost.

D, Confirm the unit for manual removal of targets delivers desirable performance.

E, Check the adjustment knobs and control switches, and start self-examination of the system.

F, Verify if the object and distance displayed by the system is consistent with that displayed by object echo on radar display screen.

G, Check the input of gyro compass direction signals.

2.10.7.5 Electronic plotting apparatus (EPA)

（1）      Performance standards: electronic plotting apparatus is to meet the performance standards requirements in Appendix 2 of MSC. 64(67) ANNEX 4. If ATA or ARPA compliant with the performance standards is provided on board, EPA is not necessary.

（2）     Survey requirements: verify the electronic plotting apparatus has the following functions in normal status:

A, Electronic plotting apparatus is to be provided with a unit to plot 10 targets on radar display and capable of plotting targets on 3, 6, 12nmile range.

B, Operators may adjust the closest point of approach/time limit for closest point of approach and vector time. By approved marks and plotting codes, identify the plotting positions. After the second plotting, display vectors on the targets.

C, If needed, display the plotting data of following selected items beyond the area of display screens of radar:

a plotting number: time since last plotting (min);

b Current distance and current position of the object;

c Distance from the predicted object at the closest point of approach and time for predicted closest point of contact;

d Target’s authentic course and authentic speed.

2.10.8    Global Positioning System (GPS)

（1）      Select proper position for GPS antenna installation. Ensure the satellite conformation is clear.

（2）      There is to be at least one ship position signal output to be provided to other electronic navigational aids and radio communications equipment.

（3）     It is capable of automatically selecting proper satellite signals so as to meet the requirements for precision of ship position and revised speed.

（4）     For radio communication equipment that needs GPS receiver for automatic input of ship position signals, it is to be power supplied by main source of power and emergency source of power or reserve source of power for radio communication equipment (for ships required by laws and rules to be fitted with reserve source of power). The power source for GPS receiver is to be supplied by radio communication equipment distribution panel.

（5）     GPS receiver is to be installed in the navigation bridge.

（6）     GPS receiver is to be capable of giving indications about alarms for loss of position information and level precisions exceeding the designated values.

（7）     Check GPS receiver’s operation switches and indication functions. Check the output signals for ship position.

2.10.9   Sounding device

（1）     Energy transducer of sounding device is to be installed in the place where the shocks are minimum at the ship bottom, linear changes of the hull are minimum, and eddy current and air bubbles will not formed during the navigation process. Energy transducer is to be installed in the airtight coaming. After installation of energy transducer, watertight test is to be conducted. The test pressure may be 2 times of the sea water pressure at the maximum draught.

（2）     Connection cables for energy transducer have to be laid in pipes when through the water tank and the pipes have to undertake watertight test. Electric cables are not to be tightened up. Deformations of the ship have to be taken into consideration.

（3）     Surface of energy transducer is not to be painted (unless for the original protective paint by the manufacturer). Before launched into waters, the ship is to remove the protective paper on the energy transducer.

（4）     Display and record units for sounding devices are to be installed near the nautical chart room.

（5）     Check the operation knobs of sounding devices are working properly, and conduct function test of the alarms in case of power source failure. Observe if the echo signals are normal. Verify the water depth record and display is consistent.

（6）     Under conditions of varied water depth, use the nautical chart to assess the precision of sounding device. During the calculations, take into account the draught and tides for the ship.

（7）     Verify the indicators and recorders are working properly and the values indicated by the two devices are identical.

2.10.10 Automatic Identification System (AIS)

（1）     In accord with the Notice on Survey of Equipment Installations for Ship-borne Electronic Nautical Chart System and Automatic Identification System for Ships Engaged on Domestic Voyages (No.: BJDSD[2010]1744) as issued by the headquarters, plans for ship constructs, and installation survey of automatic identification system are to be approved along with other construction plans. For existing ships in services, the plans for installation of automatic identification system are to be prepared in duplicate and delivered to the nearest plan approval center of CCS or to the domestic plan approval department.

（2）     AIS display and control units are to be installed in the navigation bridge, so that it is convenient for the operators on duty to operate and observe in the general operation position. AIS VHF antenna is to be operated as practical as possible in a horizontal level with no obstacles 360 degrees around and AIS is capable of being operated within 2 minutes after start-up.

（3）     When collecting information from other devices (such as from GNSS or gyro compass, etc.), AIS generally collects from their output interfaces if it is necessary to install output interfaces for these devices, it is not to influence the devices’ normal performances.

（4）     Ship-related data (including MMSI code, ship name, call number, ship master, ship breadth, ship type, and position of location antenna on board) is to be correctly and effectively input and protected.

（5）     After a period of listening and information acquisition, AIS is to start normal transmission and reception. Observe the object display of AIS on its display unit. Meanwhile, compare the target echoes of radar. Confirm the two targets observed are identical. If necessary, confirm the position of target by other communication means. In case of major error with the target, investigate into the reasons for the error. If possible, such as by means of a familiar ship in the neighborhood, get to know the AIS signal transmission on this ship.

（6）     Simulate an artificial failure, such as loss of position information on GNSS. Then, AIS is to send audible and visual alarms from the external alarm unit in the navigation bridge. Alarm information displayed in the display unit is to be consistent with the actual failure.

2.10.11 Electronic Chart System (ECS)

（1）     In accord with the Notice on Survey of Equipment Installations for Ship-borne Electronic Chart System and Automatic Identification System for Ships Engaged on Domestic Voyages (No.: BJDSD[2010]1744) as issued by the headquarters, plans for ship constructs, and installation survey of electronic chart system are to be approved along with other construction plans. For existing ships in services, the plans for installation of electronic chart system are to be prepared in duplicate and delivered to the nearest plan approval center of CCS or to the domestic plan approval department.

（2）     Check the product certificates and qualification labels of electronic chart system carried on board. Conduct visual inspections, to confirm the shells and interfaces have no traces of damages, and the shell protection grade is consistent with the space they are installed in. verify the cable grounding is fixed and reliable, the earthing is desirable, and measures are arranged to prevent vibration of main engine, display, UPS, etc.

（3）     Check the connections between ECS and equipment providing information about continuous positioning (such as GSP receiver), direction (gyro compass information about navigation course), speed and water depth. Verify the connections are proper. Test ECS alarm function in case the location system input is lost, and test the repeat indication function for any alarms or indications transmitted.

（4）     Execute the system’s self-examination program. Conduct on-board test of the system’s major functions (such as design of the navigation course and monitoring). Check the effectiveness of system and failure alarm facilities.

（5）     When it is power supplied by emergency source of power, ensure ECS and its accessories and the equipment it serves are working as normal. Confirm the conversion between main source of power and emergency source of power and blackout for no more than 45s is capable of being automatically activated by the system. ECS, when turned off or turned on after blackout, is capable of restoring to the display setting manually selected for the last time.

（6）     Back-up devices of ECS: if electronic device is adopted, the survey requirements are the same as that of main system. Meanwhile, verify the power supplies to the two systems are relatively independent, and the failure in power supply to one system will not affect that to another system. Where hard-cope nautical chart is used, sufficient and updated hard copies are to be provided to meet the requirements for predesigned navigation course for the purpose of safety navigations.

2.10.12   Transmitting Heading Device (THD)

（1）       Check the type approval certificate of transmitting heading device;

（2）       Verify the alarm functions in case of failure in transmitting heading device or power supply failure.

2.10   航行设备

2.10.2      航行设备的供电

（1） 5000总吨及以上船舶的航行设备应由主电源、应急电源供电。小于5000总吨船舶的航行设备可仅由主电源供电。

（2） 如航行设备使用一个以上电源，则应设有迅速从一个电源转到另一个电源的转换开关。

 

2.10.3  航行设备的检验，通常有外观检查和效用试验，详见以下各条。

2.10.4  一般性检查

（1）       对新建造船舶的航行设备，应核对审批的图纸和技术文件，检查航行设备的安装、布置和配备，查核产品认可证书和/或产品证书。还应根据《国内航行海船法定检验技术规则》的要求对设备进行效用试验。

（2）       对营运中的船舶，应根据《国内航行海船法定检验技术规则》的要求，详细检查设备的配备、安装和布置。还应根据《国内航行海船法定检验技术规则》的要求对设备进行效用试验。

 

2.10.5  标准磁罗经

（1）       磁罗经应尽可能安装在船舶的纵中剖面上，其首方位基线线应指示船首方向，误差不得大于±0.5度 ，必要时进行水平和对中检查。

（2）       标准罗经的安装位置，应能使得其视野尽可能不受遮蔽（最好不大于6度），以便观测水平和天体方位，应安装于最高的甲板上即罗经甲板。

（3）       在操舵位置上的舵工，应能清晰地读取操舵磁罗经或反射读数盘的读数。

（4）       磁罗经和电气设备的距离不得小于设备技术说明书的规定，以使其外部干扰磁场减至最低限度。

（5）       罗径盘不应变形或有缺陷，盘上的油漆不应有起泡，盘内的螺栓、螺母不应有松动，盘内液体应无色、透明、无异物、无大于10mm 直径的气泡，否则应换液。

（6）       磁罗经的读数照明和电气复示机构（如设有），必须由主电源和应急电源供电，检查罗径盘的照明和反射读数盘调光器光通量应能连续可调。

（7）       磁罗径应配备投影针或方位圈或方位镜，作为测取目标方位的手段。

（8）       磁罗经应进行首次自差校核，一般在试航时由有资格的罗经师进行校验，并且自差校核曲线张贴在驾驶室内。磁罗经每年至少应进行一次磁罗经的自差校正,并编制自差表。

（9）       当标准罗径是投射型或反射型时，应能在操舵位置看清其读数。

（10）     检查操舵位置与标准罗径之间的通讯设施，如话筒应检查无堵塞。

（11）     检查罗径应配备投影针或方位圈或方位镜作为测取方位的手段。

2.10.6  电罗经

（1）       电罗经的安装必须便于维修。

（2）       用于测量目标方位的电罗经复示器的高度，必须保证能够测量到海面目标的方位上方，不应有妨碍测量天空目标的蓬顶。

（3）       5000GT及以上的船舶的电罗经必须能由主电源和应急电源供电。

（4）       外观检查其处于良好工作状态，无异常噪音。

（5）       确认复示器与主罗径指示的一致性误差应在±0.5度以内。

（6）       应在驾驶室主操舵位置和应急操舵位置（通常在舵机舱）设有航向分罗经。

（7）       应具有向其他助航设备（如雷达等等）提供航向信号的能力。

（8）       主罗经和方位分罗经在船上安装时，其首尾基准线应置于或平行于船舶纵中剖面，其误差不超过0.5度。

 

2.10.7  雷达及其他装置

2.10.7.1   雷达的性能标准

（1）       2006年3月1日之前安装上船的雷达应满足2004法规第4篇第5章附录3的要求, 雷达荧光屏的有效直径为：

                  500≤GT＜1600的船舶：不小于180mm（9英寸）；

                  1600≤GT＜10000的船舶：不小于250mm（12英寸）；

                  GT≥10000的船舶：一个不小于340mm（16英寸），另一个不小于250mm（12英寸）。

（2）       2006年3月1日及以后新装上船的雷达则必须符合2011法规第4篇第5章附录3的要求, 雷达荧光屏的有效直径为：

                  150≤GT＜1000的船舶：不小于180mm（9英寸）；

                  1000≤GT＜10000的船舶：不小于250mm（12英寸）；

                  GT≥10000的船舶：不小于340mm（16英寸）。

（3）       2006年3月1日及以后新装上船的雷达需要配置性能监视器，用于随时检测系统性能相对于安装时设定的标准明显降低的情况。

 

2.10.7.2   雷达的检验要求：

（1）  安装检查

       安装应符合设备出厂文件中安装指南部分的要求，特别应注意下列几点：

           A、雷达各单元应设有良好的接地措施；

           B、电缆和波导管穿过水密或防火分隔舱壁时，必须保证舱壁原来的完整性，现船上使用的多为软波导，安装走向按照说明书要求，如出现折断损坏需要换新；

           C、雷达显示单元的机座应设有有效的防震措施；

           D、波导管或射频电缆的弯曲点应减低到最少，一般不得多于5个。波导管必须良好固定，航行时无振动现象，连接处必须保证水密。射频电缆的弯曲内半径不得小于生产厂商的技术要求；

           E、雷达天线的安装位置必须考虑到工作距离和盲区的因素，工作盲区不得大于50米。如果船舶配置两台雷达，应尽可能将天线安排为一上一下，其中S波段雷达（或功率较大的一台）在上，而X波段雷达（或功率较小的一台）在下。

           F、如果要求设置两台雷达，则每台雷达必须能单独运行，并可同时运转。若两台雷达设置变换开关装置，当其中一台雷达失灵时，不应影响另一台雷达的完整性。

（2）   检查雷达各操作旋钮、转换开关及各种指示装置功能正常，各量程档中的物标回波清晰。

（3）   对雷达的各项功能进行效用试验：确认雷达能够以真北向上、艏向向上、航向向上3种方式工作，艏向向上和真北向上的区别是真北向上时，雷达上方显示N 0000，而艏向向上只显示0000，试验时使用艏向向上方式对照一固定目标如防波堤在雷达上回波确认雷达工作状态是否正常；确认相关信号如GPS、罗经信号已经正确输入。

（4）   测量已知距离、方位的目标，检查其距离、方位指示的正确性，方位标尺指示的读数与电子方法显示值应一致， 同一物标在不同量程中指示的距离和方位应一致，确认雷达的固定距标圈、活动标圈和电子方位线正常显示工作，移动活动活动标圈和电子方位线雷达上能够显示出相对本船的距离和方位（真方位或对本船方位）。

（5）   检查雷达天线转动平稳，无阻滞现象和异常噪音，天线波导管应紧固良好，波导管应无破损或变形。

2.10.7.3   自动雷达标绘仪（ARPA）

（1）     性能标准：

         A、10000总吨及以上的船舶在2006年3月1日及以后新装上船的雷达应配备A.823(19)号决议中规定的最小有效直径为340mm的自动雷达测绘设备。

         B、ARPA应能自动跟踪、处理同时显示并不断更新至少20个目标信息。

（2）      检验要求：

         A、用手动方式捕获目标，然后确定所捕获的目标是否在10次连续的扫描中有5次能以区别其他目标的明显标志出现在显示器上；

         B、证实目标在手动捕获以后被自动跟踪，并在一分钟内在显示器以矢量或图解形式显示出目标的运动方向，在三分钟内字母、数字形式提供下列信息：

            a.  至目标的即时距离；

            b.  目标的即时方位；

            c.  计算的目标真航向；

            d.  计算的目标真速度；

            e.  观测目标最接近点（CPA）的距离；

            f.  至CPA的预计时间（TCPA）。

         C、试验下述情况下发出声光信号：

            a.  任何可识别的目标接近选定的距离或通过选定的区域（警戒区）时；

            b.  任何预定被跟踪的目标接近选定的最小距离和时间时；

            c.  任何目标丢失时。

         D、确认用于手动消除目标的装置性能良好；

         E、检查各种调节旋钮及控制开关的功能，并使系统通过自检程序；

         F、核对系统所显示的目标和距离与雷达显示器目标回波所表示的是否一致；

         G、检查电罗经方位信号输入情况。

2.10.7.4   自动跟踪仪（ATA）

（1）       性能标准：

          A、自动跟踪仪可以是单独的设备也可以是结合于船用雷达中，若是单独的设备，设备的操作性能应不低于雷达显示所获得的操作性能，ATA应能自动跟踪、处理同时显示并不断更新至少10个目标信息；

          B、若船上已配备了符合性能标准要求的ARPA，则不需要配备ATA。ARPA同ATA的主要区别是具有试操船功能。

（2）       检验要求：

          A、用手动方式捕获目标，然后确定所捕获的目标是否在10次连续的扫描中有5次能以区别其他目标的明显标志出现在显示器上；

          B、证实目标在手动捕获以后被自动跟踪，并在一分钟内在显示器以矢量或图解形式显示出目标的运动方向，在三分钟内字母、数字形式提供下列信息：

             a. 至目标的即时距离；

             b.  目标的即时方位；

             c.  计算的目标真航向；

             d.  计算的目标真速度；

             e.  观测目标最接近点（CPA）的距离；

             f.  至CPA的预计时间（TCPA）。

          C、试验下述情况下发出声光信号：

             a.  任何可识别的目标接近选定的距离或通过选定的区域（警戒区）时；

             b.  任何预定被跟踪的目标接近选定的最小距离和时间时；

             c.  任何目标丢失时。

          D、确认用于手动消除目标的装置性能良好；

          E、检查各种调节旋钮及控制开关的功能，并使系统通过自检程序；

          F、核对系统所显示的目标和距离与雷达显示器目标回波所表示的是否一致；

          G、检查电罗经方位信号输入情况。

 

2.10.7.5    电子标绘装置（EPA）

 

（1）       性能标准：电子标绘装置应满足经MSC.64(67) ANNEX 4附录2的性能标准要求。若船上已配备了符合性能标准要求的ATA或ARPA，则不需要配备EPA。

（2）       检验要求：验证电子标绘装置具有下述功能并确认处于正常状态：

          A、电子测绘设备应具有至少在雷达显示器上测绘10个目标的设施，应可测绘3、6、12nmile量程刻度上的目标；

          B、操作员可调节相遇最近点/相遇最近点时间极限和矢量时间，通过经认可的标记及测绘编号识别测绘位置，在第二次测绘后应在目标上显示矢量；

          C、应可在需要时在雷达显示器屏区域以外显示以下有关被选目标的测绘数据：

            a. 测绘编号：自上次测绘以来的时间（min）；

            b.目标的现时距离和现时方位；

            c.在相遇最近点时被预测目标的距离和被预测相遇最近点的时间；

            d.目标的真航向和真速度。

 

2.10.8      GPS

（1）       选择合理的GPS天线安装位置，应确保卫星构象清晰。

（2）       应至少有一个能提供给其他电子助航设备和无线电通信设备使用的船舶位置信号输出。

（3）       应能自动选择适当的卫星发射信号，以使所确定的船位到要求的精度和修改的速率。

（4）       对无线电通信设备需要自动输入船位信号的GPS接收机，应由主电源和应急电源或者无线电通信设备备用电源（法规要求设置备用电源的船舶）供电。GPS接收机的电源可由无线电通信设备分配电板供给。

（5）       GPS接收机应安装在驾驶室。

（6）       GPS接收设备应具有丢失位置的报警和水平精度系数超出规定值的指示。

（7）       检查GPS接收机各操作开关及各种指示功能的正常。检查船舶位置输出信号的工作情况。

2.10.9      测深仪

（1）       测深仪的换能器，应安装在船舶底部振动最小、船体线型变化最小，且在航行时不形成涡流和空气泡的部位，换能器应安装在气密围井中。换能器安装完毕后，必须经密性试验，试验压力可为船舶最大吃水时海水压力的2倍。

（2）       换能器的连接电缆，经过水舱部分必须穿管敷设，管子必须经水密试验，电缆不得拉太紧，必须考虑到船舶在海上的变形。

（3）       换能器表面不得涂油漆（制造厂原装的特殊保护漆除外），船舶下水前应除去换能器上的保护纸。

（4）       测深仪的显示、记录单元应安装在海图室附近。

（5）       检查测深仪各操作旋钮功能正常，电源故障报警功能效用试验，观察回波信号正常，检查水深记录与水深显示一致性。

（6）       在各种水深状况下，利用海图校验测深仪的精确度，计算时还应考虑船舶的吃水和潮汐。

（7）       检查指示器及记录器工作正常，二者指示值应一致。

 

2.10.10    AIS

（1）       根据总部《关于国内航行船舶船载电子海图系统和自动识别系统设备安装检验有关事项的通知》（编号：BJDSD[2010]1744）的要求, 对于建造船舶，自动识别系统安装检验的图纸应与其它建造图纸一起送审，对于现有营运船舶，自动识别系统的安装图纸应一式两份就近送我社审图中心或国内审图部审批。

（2）       AIS的显示及控制单元应安装在驾驶室，便于航行值班人员在通常的操作位置进行操作和观察的位置。AIS VHF 天线应尽量做到在其安装位置的水平面360 度内无障碍物。AIS应能在开启2min内运作。

（3）       AIS从其它设备收集信息时（如从全球卫星导航系统(GNSS)、电罗经等），一般应从这些设备输出接口采集，若需要对这些设备另外安装输出接口时，应不影响这些设备正常工作性能。

（4）       船舶的相关数据（包括船舶的MMSI码、船名、呼号、船长、船宽、船型、船上使用的定位天线的位置等）应正确有效输入，并得到有效的保护。

（5）       AIS经过一段时间的侦听并信息采集后，将进行正常的收发工作，观察AIS 在其显示单元的目标显示情况，同时比较雷达目标回波情况，应确认二者观察的目标应相一致，必要时可通过其它通讯手段对目标的确切位置予以落实。若目标存在较大误差时，应进一步调查其误差存在的原因。如条件许可，如周围有熟悉的船舶，可了解本船AIS信号发射情况。

（6）       模拟一人为故障，如全球卫星导航系统(GNSS)丢失位置信息，此时AIS 应可在驾驶台通过外接的报警单元发出声光报警，在显示单元中显示的报警信息应与实际故障情况相一致。

 

2.10.11    电子海图系统

（1）       根据总部《关于国内航行船舶船载电子海图系统和自动识别系统设备安装检验有关事项的通知（编号：BJDSD[2010]1744）的要求, 对于建造船舶，电子海图系统安装检验的图纸应与其它建造图纸一起送审，对于现有营运船舶，电子海图系统的安装图纸应一式两份就近送我社审图中心或国内审图部审批。

（2）       检查船载电子海图系统的产品证书及检验合格标志。对设备进行外观检查，确认外壳、接口无损坏迹象，外壳防护等级和安装处所相适应，电缆连接牢固可靠，接地良好，主机、显示器、UPS电源等有固定措施防止振动。

（3）       检查电子海图系统与提供连续定位（如GPS接收机）、方向（电罗经航向信息）、速度和水深等信息的设备连接（适用时），检查连接是否正常；试验定位系统输入丢失时ECS的报警功能，以及定位系统传递给它的任何报警和指示的重复指示功能。

（4）       执行系统自检程序，对系统的主要功能（如航线设计和航线监视）进行船上试验，检查系统及其故障报警设施的有效性。

（5）       在由应急电源供电时，应确保ECS及其相关附件和为其服务的设备能够正常工作；且主、应急电源之间的转换以及不超过45秒的断电，系统应能自动启动；ECS在关闭或断电后打开时，应恢复至最近手动选择的显示设置。

（6）       电子海图的备份装置，若采用电子设备，检验要求同主系统，同时尚应核实两个系统的供电应相对独立，一个系统的供电故障不会影响到另外一个系统；若采用纸海图，应配有足够和最新有效的、能满足其预定航程所必需的纸海图，以满足安全航行的需要。

 

2.10.12    首向发送装置

（1）	检查首向发送装置的型式认可证书；

（2）	验证首向发送装置失效或供电故障的报警功能。