B9   Detailed Requirements and Guidelines on Load Line Survey of Sea-Going Ships Engaged on Domestic Voyages and Inland Navigation Ships---Initial Survey

1.1   Survey of hull structure integrity and strength of ships

Confirm hull structure integrity and enough strength of ships through initial survey and periodical survey.

1.1.1     Inspection of hull structure integrity and strength of sea-going ships engaged on domestic voyages

1.1.1.1   Initial survey

1.1.1.1.1 Plans examination

Verify the integrity of approved plans related to hull structure integrity and strength of ships and relevant comments, including but not limited to the following plans:

Strength calculations of ship (including longitudinal strength calculations and scantling draught);

General arrangement plans;

Lines;

Construction profile;

Cross-section plan, etc.

1.1.1.1.2 On-site survey

Verify that the structural arrangement and strength of the ship have been constructed according to approved plans and ensure their consistence with plans.

1.2   Survey of onboard stability information, loading manuals, etc.

Confirm that documents such as approved stability information have been kept on board through initial survey and periodical survey.

1.2.1     Inspection of stability information and loading manual of sea-going ships engaged on domestic voyages  

1.2.1.1   Initial survey

1.2.1.1.1 Plans examination

Verify the integrity of approved plans related to stability and loading of ships and relevant comments, including but not limited to the following plans:

Intact stability calculations of ship;

Damage stability calculations of ship;

Loading manual;

Calculations of reserve buoyancy (Dynamically Supported Craft);

Hydrostatic curve or data, etc.

1.2.1.1.2 On-site survey

Confirm that approved documents, such as intact stability, damage stability and load manual, have been submitted to the Master.

1.3   Inspection of arrangement and stability change of the ship

       It is not applicable to initial survey.

1.4     Inspection of load line mark, draught mark, hull color, etc.

Confirm that the ship has been marked correct load line, draught mark, operating draught and draught of the maximum submerged depth through initial survey and periodical survey.

1.4.1    Inspection of load line mark and draught mark of sea-going ships engaged on domestic voyages  

1.4.1.1   Initial survey

1.4.1.1.1 Plans examination

Verify the integrity of approved plans  related to load line mark and draught mark of ships and relevant comments, including but not limited to the following plans:

Freeboard calculations and plans showing ship’s main dimensions;

Load line mark and draught mark plans;

Plans which show  special requirements for reduced freeboard  ships, etc.

1.4.1.1.2 On-site survey

Verify that the load line, draught mark, operating draught and draught of the maximum submerged depth, etc. have been marked according to approved plans and ensure their consistence with plans. Attention is to be given to verifying the compliance with CMSA﹝2011﹞No.254 "Notice on Survey Guidelines  of Load Line Mark, Draught Mark and Hull Color" and CMSA﹝2011﹞No.255 "Notice on Interim Provisions  of Hull Color Mark and Draught Mark.(CCS Notice BJDND(2011)0300)

If applicable, inspect the special equipment for reduced  freeboard ships.

Attention is to be given to whether the load line mark of the ship is compliant with requirements of the intended navigation area and season.

（1） Verify finished freeboard

a. Verify the implementation of comments of approved technical freeboard calculations, load line mark and draught mark plans.

b. Witness the measurement of moulded depth of actual craft (Note: moulded depth is measured from the upper edge of  keel plate along with the side at the middle of the length, not from the average base line),  confirm and endorse on the shipbuilder inspection report.

c. If the construction tolerance (△D) of moulded depth D is within standard tolerances recognized by CCS, that is to assign freeboard from top to bottom according to approved plans of load line mark.

d. If △D exceeds the standard tolerances recognized by CCS, shipbuilder may re-calculate it according to finished main dimensions and resubmit for approval, or the Surveyor may deal with deviated tolerances from the point of view of safety to assign finished freeboard according to the Regulations.

（2） Inspection of load line marks and draught marks

a. Check the accuracy of the load line marks according to the approved load line mark plan. The tolerances of height of load line are to be within ±1.0mm. Inspect diameter of ring, length and breadth of lines, position of deck line, the position of lines in relation to the deck line, the position of ring and its horizontal line in relation to the deck line as well as the accuracy of alphabetic symbols. As for sea-going ships engaged on domestic voyages, confirm that all lines are located at the ring fore direction according to the Regulations, only the mark of timber load line are located at the ring stern direction according to the Regulations. When CCS assigns the freeboard, use CS as abbreviated letters of the Administration of assignment as shown below. During the process of assignment, the center of the ring is to be located at the middle of the length of each side of ships. The specifications of the ring, line and abbreviated letters are shown in Figure 4.1 and 4.2.

They are to be marked on both sides of ships permanently. When facing load line mark, the sequence of abbreviated letters is from left to right according to English general writing.

                                 aft                          deck line                        fore

           

Figure 4.1 Load line mark of the ship not carrying timber deck cargoes

aft                             deckline                          fore  

Figure 4.2 Load line mark of the ship carrying timber deck cargoes

Note:

CS       China Classification Society

RQ       Tropical Fresh Water Load Line

Q          Summer Fresh Water Load Line  

R          Tropical Load Line

X          Summer Load Line

MRQ     Tropical Fresh Water Timber Load Line

MQ       Summer Fresh Water Timber Load Line

MR       Tropical Timber Load Line

MX       Summer Timber Load Line

*          The height of freeboard is to be measured from the center of the ring to the upper edge of deck line

**        The upper edge of horizontal centerline of the ring

***       All measurements are taken from the center of the ring to the upper edge of angular line

1.4.1.1.2.3 Load line mark may be marked on both sides of the middle of ship’s sides permanently through one of the following methods:

a. The mark is made of steel and welded on the ship’s side;

b. built up by welding to the edge of load line mark

The paint color of load line mark is to be clear. When the ship’s side is dark-colored, the mark is to be white or yellow; when the ship’s side is light-colored, the mark is to be black.

1.4.1.1.2.4 If the verified freeboard of the ship is bigger than the minimum freeboard, that is to say the marking of load line is equal to or lower than the position of the corresponding Summer Load Line of the minimum freeboard according to PART THREE of the Regulations, only the Fresh Water Load Line needs to be marked.

1.4.1.1.2.5 As for passenger ships, not only is the freeboard calculated according to the provisions on load line of the Regulations, but also meet the requirements of subdivision and stability of passenger ships of Ship Safety of PART FOUR of Technical Regulation for Statutory Survey of Sea-going Ships Engaged on Domestic Voyages. It is usual that geometric freeboard is smaller than that of calculations required by subdivision and stability of passenger ships, so the large freeboard is to be assigned. According to the principle of assignment for ‘greater than minimum freeboard ship’, the fresh water load line and subdivision load line C.1 are to be marked as the figure 4.3 shown.

                                                                                                    fore

Figure 4.3

 

Load line mark can be marked as shown in figure 4.4 for passenger/cargo ships. When the ship does not carry passengers, it can be used as common cargo ship. However, it is to use C1 or C2 load line in the figure when carrying passengers.

                                                                                 fore

Figure 4.4

 

If all passenger spaces are used for carrying passengers, it is to carry cargoes and passengers according to "C1" subdivision load line; if only a part of passenger spaces is used for carrying passengers, it is to carry cargos and passengers according to "C2" subdivision load line.

1.4.1.1.2.6 As for ships operated in sheltered waters, pusher tug-barge combinations, semi-submersible vessels and working ships, the verification and survey of the freeboard are to be in accordance with special provisions and requirements of the Regulations.

1.4.1.1.2.7 Survey of draught marks: the lower edge of draught number is flush with that of the corresponding draught scale, and the boundary line of full-load draught water-line is passing through the center of the ring of load line. The standard tolerance of draught mark position is within ±1.0mm with the allowed limitation ±2.0mm. The draught marks of fore and aft sides are to be marked at the position of fore and aft perpendiculars as far as possible, and parallelly extended to step-mark  according to the reality, while the stern draught mark may mark at the appropriate place of the after side of rudder. When the draught marks are marked at both sides amidships of the length of the ship, the draught mark of  sea-going ships engaged on domestic voyages is marked at the  1200mm aft of the center of load line ring or at the nearest frame. The method of marking draught marks permanently and the color of draught marks are the same as the requirements of load line mark in 4.1.1.2.3.

The shell of hull from fore to aft is divided by horizontal extension line at the upper edge of the horizontal line of the load line mark, while the color of the upper shell plate is to be obviously different from that of the lower shell plate.

1.4.1.1.2.8 Inspect the special equipment of reduced freeboard ship

1.4.1.1.2.9 Attention is to be given to whether the load line mark of the ship in survey is compliant with requirements of the intended navigation area and season.

The boundary of navigation area and season is as following:

（1）Coast areas of China, north of Shantou:

Season periods:

TROPICAL: 16 April to 31 October;

SUMMER: 1 November to 15 April.

（2）Coast areas of China, south of Shantou:

Season periods:

TROPICAL: 16 February to 31 October;

SUMMER: 1 November to 15 February.

           Shantou Port is to be regarded as within the zone or area from or into which the ship arrives or departs.

1.5   Inspection of miscellaneous openings in the deck

Confirm the installation and tightness of means of closing for miscellaneous openings in freeboard deck and superstructure deck, such as door, side scuttle, window, scuttle, small hatch, companionway, machinery space opening, ventilator and air pipe through initial survey and periodical survey.

1.5.1    Inspection of miscellaneous openings in the deck of sea-going ship engaged on domestic voyages

1.5.1.1  Initial survey

1.5.1.1.1 Plans examination

Verify the integrity of approved plans  related to miscellaneous openings in the deck and relevant comments, including but not limited to the following plans:

Arrangement plans of door, window, small hatch and  manholes;

Arrangement plans of ventilator (natural ventilation, mechanical ventilation and air conditioning);

Arrangement plans of air pipe;

Structure plans of engine room casing;

Plans of other openings if applicable;

1.5.1.1.2 On-site survey

As for the survey of miscellaneous openings on board, confirm that the actual conditions of openings are compliance with the requirements of approved plans as well as the tightness of means of closing of openings through hose testing or chalk embossing testing. 

1.5.1.1.2.1 Inspection of weathertight door

Basic requirements:

All access openings of superstructure and deck house are to be equipped with steel doors on end bulkheads permanently and firmly. They are strengthened by stiffeners to make the whole structure is of equivalent strength as the complete end bulkheads and ensure weathertightness when closing. The means of securing weathertightness are to be fastened on end bulkheads or doors and these doors are to be operated from both sides of the bulkhead. Generally, the doors are to be open outwards, of which the hinge set is to close the cover through predominate direction of green seas.

Regulations on the height of sills:

When determining the height of sills on superstructure or deck house, firstly, consider the position of the door.

Position 1: Upon exposed freeboard and raised quarter decks, and upon exposed  superstructure decks situated forward of a point located a quarter of the ship's length from the forward perpendicular.

Position 2 : Upon exposed superstructure decks situated abaft a quarter of the ship's length from the forward perpendicular and located  at least one standard height of superstructure above the freeboard deck situated forward of a point located a quarter of the ship's length from the forward perpendicular and located at least two standard heights of superstructure above the freeboard deck. (the underlined partly applies to the ships the keels of which are laid or which are at a similar stage of construction on or after 1 September 2008).

（The following position 1 and 2 are the same as above）

Secondly, consider the type of openings protected by enclosed superstructure, deck house, companionway or engine room casing which doors are located at.

a、  When there is no downward opening in the freeboard deck or superstructure deck enclosed by above-mentioned superstructure, and all the enclosed spaces are working and living spaces where crews often are in and out, the height of sills is 380mm for both position 1 and 2.

b、  When the spaces enclosed by superstructure have downward openings except machinery space opening, as for forecastle and poop of position 1 or deck house on freeboard deck which meet the requirements of enclosed superstructure defined in "Load Line", that is, an access is provided from the deck above as an alternative to access from the freeboard deck, then the height of sills into forecastle and poop or deck house on freeboard deck shall be 380 mm. If the deck above does not have such access, the height of sills shall be 600mm. As for the opening in way of position 2, the height of sills shall be 380mm;

c、  As for machinery space openings, they are to be properly framed and efficiently enclosed by steel casing of ample strength, when such casing does not have any protection from other buildings, the height of sills is 600mm for Type B ships of position 1, while 380mm for Type B ships of position 2; as for Type A ships or Type B ships with reduced freeboard which are to be equipped with double weathertight doors, the height of sills of inner doors is 230mm, while 600mm for exterior doors. When engine room casing has full protection from other buildings, machinery space openings may be regarded as general downward openings as b,  only the doors and height of sills of outer superstructure are considered, there is no special requirement to that of inner engine room casing.

Refer to marine product certificate, verify stamp or mark, pay attention to that weathertight doors are to have the equivalent strength as the end bulkhead in way of installation.

Inspect the position of doors and the height of sills according to approved plans (Illustration as follows, section number corresponding to  “Load line” of the Regulations)

 

Doors in way of freeboard deck

 

Door: Section 2.1.1

Height of sills: Section 2.1.2

 

Note: must consider the door according to the requirements of companionway

Door: Section 2.1.1

Sills: Section 2.7.4

 

Type A ship or Type B ship with reduced freeboard

engine room casing: Section 4.1.1

Exterior bulkhead door: Section 2.1.1

Sills: Section 2.6.1

Inner bulkhead door: Weathertightness

        Height of sills:      230 mm

Note: When engine room casing does not have any structural protection, dual weathertight doors are to be equipped for Type A ships or Type B ships with reduced freeboard while the height of sills of inner doors is 230 mm and that of exterior doors is 600mm.

 

Doors in way of freeboard deck and superstructure deck

Second Floor  Door: Section 2.1.1

         Sills: Section 2.7.4

First Floor Door: Section 2.1.1

         Sills: Section 2.1.2

Note: When the opening of end bulkhead is closed, the crews in the poop can go to engine room and other working spaces through other accesses at any time effectively, and the poop can be regarded as the enclosed structure, therefore, the height of sills in the first floor is from Section 2.1.2.

 

Second Floor  Door: Section 2.1.1

         Sills: Section 2.7.4

First Floor Door: Section 2.1.1

         Sills: Section 2.1.2

 

Second Floor  Door: Section 2.1.1

         Sills Section: 2.7.4

First Floor Door Section: 2.1.1

         Sills: Section 2.1.2

Hose testing: Inspect the effectiveness of door closing, conduct hose testing, and inspect means of closing and the securing of weathertightness.  

1.5.1.1.2.2 Inspection of ventilator and air pipe:

a. Basic requirements of ventilator: ventilators to spaces below freeboard deck or decks ofenclosed superstructures are to be of steel, substantially constructed and effectively connected to the deck. The thickness of coaming is required  as the following:

Inside diameter of ventilator (mm)  Thickness of coaming（mm）

Inside diameter of ventilator（mm）	Thickness of coaming（mm）
≤200 250 300 350 400 ≥450	7.5 8.0 8.5 9.0 9.5 10.0

 

Where the coaming of any ventilator exceeds 900 mm in height, it shall be specially supported, ususally by means of brackets.

The requirements of the height and means of closing of ventilator: as for the ventilator of position 1, coaming is 4.5m in height above the deck; as for the ventilator of position 2, coaming is 2.3m in height above the deck, means of closing is not needed. As for the ventilator which does not meet the above requirements, the opening is to be equipped with means of closing with effective weathertightness. The means of closing with weathertightness is to be made of steel or equivalent materials, which is to secure weathertightness through gaskets and clamping devices instead of wood plugs and canvas covers. As for the ship with length not over 100m, the means of closing of weathertightness is to be attached to the ventilator permanently; as for the ship with length over 100m, the means of closing of weathertightness may be conveniently stowed around ventilator. As for these ventilators, if they are located at position 1, the coaming is at least 900mm in height; if they are located at position 2, the coaming is at least 760mm in height. The height of coaming is measured from the deck to the lowest opening which may be flooding.

b. Basic requirements of air pipe: the exposed part of air pipe above the deck is to be firm, if the outer diameter of air pipe is equal to or less than 80mm, the thickness of coaming is not less than 6.0mm; if the outer diameter of air pipe is equal to or over 165mm, the thickness of coaming is not less than 8.5mm, intermediate minimum thickness are to be determined by linear interpolation. Tanks having top plates not less than 7m either in length or in width are to be provided with two or more air pipes, tanks with cathodic protection are to have air pipes fitted forward and aft; the double bottom tanks extending from side to side of the ship are to be fitted with air pipes led from both sides; for fuel oil tanks, deep cofferdams at the fore and aft ends of the cargo tanks and other tanks or cofferdams within the range of the cargo tanks, which are not intended for cargo, are to be provided with air pipes with corrosion resistance and renewable wire gauze diaphragms at their outlets.

   Requirement of height and means of closing of air pipes: automatic means of closing of weathertightness permanently attached is to be provided for closing the openings of the air pipes (the blue print partly applies to ships the keels of which are laid or which are at a similar stage of construction on or after 1 September 2008), and pressure/vacuum valve may be used on tankers; wood plugs and canvas covers are not allowed to be used as means of closing. If air pipe is located at the freeboard deck, the height is at least 760mm; if it is located at the superstructure deck, the height is at least 450mm. if wood ceiling is equipped on the deck, these heights are to be measured from above wood ceiling, heights mean the distance between the deck and the opening which may be flooding. Pay attention to that the air pipe head used as sounding is to be equipped with means of closing of weathertightness. 

c. Inspect arrangement according to the requirements of approved plans.

Inspect the support of ventilator and closing arrangements.

Inspect the marine product certificate of means of closing of openings of air pipe.

Inspect the height of ventilator and air pipe. It is illustrated as the following:

 

Hose testing: Inspect the effectiveness of means of closing of ventilator, conduct hose testing, and replace hose testing with chalk embossing testing if the Surveyor agrees.

1.5.1.1.2.3 Inspection of side scuttles and deadlights

Basic requirements: side scuttles to spaces below freeboard deck or to spaces in the first tier enclosed superstructure are to be equipped with reliable inner scuttle covers with hinge, which are to be closed effectively and maintain watertightness if below freeboard deck or maintain weathertightness if above freeboard deck. Side scuttles are not to be fitted in following positions that their sills are below a line drawn parallel to the freeboard deck at side and having its lowest point 2.5% of the breadth (B), or 500 mm, whichever is the greatest distance, above the Summer load waterline (or Timber Summer Load Line if assigned); for ships with reduced freeboard due to subdivision, the side scuttles in compartments other than the floodable compartment and below the final waterline are to be of non-opening type . Side scuttles and windows, together with their glasses, deadlights and storm covers, if fitted, shall be of an approved design and substantial construction. Side scuttles are defined as being round or oval openings with an area not exceeding 0.16 m2. Round or oval openings having areas exceeding 0.16 m2 shall be treated as windows. If raised quarterdeck or superstructure deck has a height equal to or greater than the standard quarterdeck height, for fitting inner cover of side scuttle, a deck house located at the raised quarterdeck or at superstructure deck of less than a standard superstructure height, it can be regarded as its position on the second floor of deck house.

Refer to marine product certificate.

Conduct hose testing and maintain weathertightness.

For ships with reduced freeboard due to subdivision, the side scuttles in compartments other than the floodable compartment and below the final waterline are to be of non-opening type.

1.5.1.1.2.4 Inspection of small hatches and manholes

Located at position 1, coaming of small hatches is at least 600mm in height above the deck while 450mm at position 2,check the integrity and closing performance of the securing devices of small hatch cover and carry out hose tesing to verify weathertightness..

Manholes and flush scuttles in position 1 or 2 or within superstructures other than enclosed superstructures shall be closed by substantial covers capable of being made watertightness. Unless secured by closely spaced bolts, the covers shall be permanently attached.

1.5.1.1.2.5 Special requirements for ships operated in sheltered waters (it applies to ships the keels of which are laid or which are at a similar stage of construction on or after 1 March 2006):

As ships operated in sheltered waters or in equivalent limited waters as sheltered waters, the height of opening closing appliances above the deck is to be in compliance with the following table.

As for working ships  navigate and operate within port area, if not damaging their safe working, the height which their means of closing openings above the deck may be reduced properly after approval, however, it is to be compliance with the requirements of position 2 in the following table.

 

1.6   Inspection of side openings and means of closing of bow door, stern door, shell door, etc. 

Inspect the arrangement, installation, effectiveness and tightness of side openings and means of closing of bow door, stern door, shell door through initial survey and periodical survey. 

1.6.1    Inspection of side openings and means of closing of sea-going ships engaged on domestic voyages

1.6.1.1    Initial survey

1.6.1.1.1 Plans examination

Verify the integrity of approved plans  related to side openings and means of closing of ships and relevant comments, including but not limited to the following plans:

Arrangement plans, structural plans, switching mechanism, locking mechanism and glands of bow door, stern door and shell door;

If applicable, plans of miscellaneous side openings and their means of closing; etc.

1.6.1.1.2 On-site survey

Verify the construction, arrangement and installation of bow door, stern door, shell door (including miscellaneous side openings if applicable), which are to be compliance with approved technical plans and comments (if applicable), ,  check relevant marine product certificates, conduct testing and switching testing to the arrangement and installation of their switching mechanism, locking mechanism and glands, inspect the reliability of locking mechanism and conduct hose testing.

1.7   Inspection of cargo hatch coaming and hatch cover

Confirm that cargo hatch coaming, structure and tightness of hatch cover as well as the means of closing of hatch cover are in normal conditions through initial survey and periodic survey.

1.7.1    Inspection of cargo hatch coaming and hatch cover of sea-going ships engaged on domestic voyages

1.7.1.1  Initial survey

1.7.1.1.1 Plans examination

Verify the integrity of approved plans  and relevant comments related to ships, including but not limited to the following plans:

Structural plans of cargo hatch coaming

Arrangement and structural plans of cargo hatch cover (including strength calculations); etc.

1.7.1.1.2 On-site survey

Verify that the construction of cargo hatch coaming and hatch cover has been constructed according to approved plans and ensure their consistence with plans. Confirm the tightness of hatch cover through hose testing.

1.7.1.1.2.1 When cargo hatch and similar hatch coaming are in position 1, the minimum height above the deck is 600mm, while 450mm in position 2. Measures to secure weathertightness are divided into two categories: the first one is the hatchway closed by portable covers secured weathertightness by tarpaulins and battening devices. The general requirements of relative structures are as the following: the width of each bearing surface for hatchway covers shall be at least 65mm, cleats are at least 65mm wide and spaced not more than 600 mm centre to centre.  The cleats along each side or end shall be not more than 150mm from the hatch corners. Wedges shall be of tough wood or other equivalent material. They shall have a taper of not more than 1 in 6 and shall be not less than 13mm thick at the toes. The tarpaulins shall be waterproof and of ample strength. At least two layers of tarpaulin in good condition shall be provided for each hatchway. Hatchway covers of more than 1.5m in length shall be secured by at least two such securing appliances (steel battens). The other one is the hatchway cover adopted by most ships at present, that is weathertight steel hatchway cover equipped with  gaskets and clamping devices. For such hatchway cover, where standard height hatch coaming fitted,  if assumed loads not less than 1.75 metric tons per square metre on hatchways ( in position 1) (excluding hatchway cover of bulk carrier), no extra strengthening needed even if cargoes including heavy cargoes carried on hatchway covers.

Check marine product certificate and verify stamp or mark.

Inspect coaming height of hatchway cover (two positions are as the following).

                    position 2       positon 1       positon 2   pisiton 1  positon 2      position 1

Figure 7.1

 

Inspect the integrity of securing devices of hatchway covers for cargo holds and their effectiveness of closing, conduct hose testing and secure weathertightness.

1.7.1.1.2.2 Manholes and flush scuttles in position 1 or 2 or within superstructures other than enclosed superstructures shall be closed by substantial covers capable of being made watertightness. Unless secured by closely spaced bolts, the covers shall be permanently attached.

1.8   Inspection of crew protective devices of bulwark, railing, etc.

Confirm that crew protective devices of bulwark and railing are set to be compliance with relative requirements through initial survey and periodical survey.

1.8.1      Inspection of crew protective devices of bulwark, railing, drainage system, freeing port, access, ladder, lifelines and attached equipment of sea-going ships engaged on domestic voyages

1.8.1.1   Initial survey

1.8.1.1.1 Plans examination

Verify the integrity of approved plans related to crew protective devices and relevant comments, including but not limited to the following plans:

Arrangement and structural plans of bulwarks, including the arrangement of freeing ports;

Arrangement plans of hand railing, safe access and lifelines;

Arrangement plans of gangway (Type A ship); etc.

1.8.1.1.2 On-site survey

Visually inspect crew protective devices of bulwark, railing, drainage system, freeing port, access, ladder, lifelines and attached equipment, verify to set according to the approved plans and confirm the consistence with plans.

1.8.1.1.2.1 Inspect the area and opening protection of freeing ports

Basic requirements: The lower edges of freeing ports shall be as near the deck as practicable. Two thirds of the freeing port area required shall be provided in the half of the "well" nearest the lowest point of the sheer curve. If there is no sheer on the exposed freeboard deck or superstructure deck and the sheer is very short, freeing port area shall be evenly spread along the length of the well. As for Type A ships with bulwarks shall have open rails fitted for at least half the length of the weather deck or other equivalent freeing arrangements. A free port area, in the lower part of the bulwarks, of 33% of the total area of the bulkwarks, is an acceptable equivalent freeing arrangement; the upper edge of the sheer strake shall be kept as low as practicable. Where superstructures are connected by trunks, open rails shall be fitted for the whole length of the exposed parts of the exposed parts of the freeboard deck.

The effectiveness of the freeing area in bulwarks depends on free flow across the deck of a ship. Where there is no free flow due to the presence of a continuous trunk or hatchway coaming, the freeing area in bulwarks is calculated in accordance with the Regulation.

All such openings in the bulwarks shall be protected by rails or bars spaced approximately 230 mm apart.

Verify drainage arrangements of Type B ships with reduced freeboard  fitted with bulwarks on the freeboard deck.

For Type B ships with freeboards reduced by not more than 60% of the difference between B and A tables there shall be freeing port area in the lower part of the bulwarks equal to at least 25% of the total area of the bulkwarks.

The upper edge of the sheer strake shall be kept as low as possible.

Drainage arrangements of Type A ships fitted with bulwarks and  Type B ships with trunks.

It is considered that a freeing port area, in the lower part of the bulwarks, of 33% of the total area of the bulwarks provides "other effective freeing arrangements" which are mentioned in "open rails fitted for at least half the length of the exposed parts of the weather deck or other effective freeing arrangements", or 50% open rails in way of trunks required by Regulation in " open rails are fitted on the weather parts of the freeboard deck in way of the trunk for at least half their length".

1.9    Inspection of spurling pipe and chain locker

Confirm that the arrangement of spurling pipe and chain locker is compliance with relative requirements for sea-going ships engaged on domestic voyages through initial survey and periodic survey.

1.9.1       Inspection of spurling pipe and chain locker of sea-going ships engaged on domestic voyages

1.9.1.1    Initial survey

1.9.1.1.1 Plans examination

Verify the integrity of approved plans related to spurling pipe and chain locker of sea-going ships engaged on domestic voyages and relevant comments, including but not limited to the following plans:

Basic structural plans;

Watertight bulkhead plans;

Arrangement plans of openings of manhole cover and small hatch;

Plans of setting related to cable releaser; etc.

1.9.1.1.2 On-site survey

Spurling pipe and chain locker （it applies to the ships the keel of which are laid or which are at a similar stage of construction on or after 1 September 2011）

 Spurling pipes and cable lockers of ships on unrestricted waters are to be watertight up to the exposed deck . Where means of access are provided, they are to be closed by a substantial cover and secured by closely spaced bolts.

 Spurling pipes and cable lockers of ships on other waters are to be watertight up to the freeboarddeck.  Where superstructure is provided, spurling pipes and cable lockers are to be weathertight up to the exposed deck. Where means of access are provided, secure the closing of weathertightness.

Verify that spurling pipes and cable lockers of sea-going ships engaged on domestic voyages have been constructed according to approved plans and ensure their consistence with plans.  

1.10    Inspection of scuppers, inlets and discharges

Confirm the setting and status of scuppers, inlets and discharges are compliance with relative requirements through initial survey and periodical survey.

1.10.1     Inspection of scuppers, inlets and discharges of sea-going ships engaged on domestic voyages

1.10.1.1  Initial survey

1.10.1.1.1 Plans examination

Verify the integrity of approved plans related to scuppers, inlets and discharges and relevant comments, including but not limited to the following plans:

Arrangement plans of scuppers, inlets and discharges; etc.

1.10.1.1.2 On-site survey

Verify that scuppers, inlets and discharges have been set according to approved plans and ensure their consistence with plans.

1.10.1.1.2.1 Inspection of scuppers, inlets and discharges:

a、If the distance between inboard opening and summer load line is less than 0.01L, a single automatic non-return valve with positive means of closing above the freeboard deck (a single automatic non-return valve, a stop valve with control above the freeboard deck and a single automatic non-return valve with positive means of closing above the freeboard deck are equivalent.) is to be fitted. Where discharge and scupper pipes lead overboard through the shell in way of machinery spaces, the fitting to shell of a locally operated positive closing valve, together with non-return valve inboard, is considered (pay attention to that non-return valve is located at the inner side of stop valve, and unattended machinery spaces may be considered as manned machinery only from the aspect of load line. However, alarm equipment is to be installed to indicate the flooding of machinery spaces. The time delay is to be taken into consideration in the choice of position for operating the valve).

b、If the distance between inboard opening and summer load line is more than 0.01L but less than 0.02L, two automatic non-return valves may be fitted in scupper and discharge pipes. The inboard valve must always be accessible under service condition, i.e., the inboard valve should be above the level of the tropical load water line. If this is not practicable, then, provided a locally controlled sluice valve is interposed between the two automatic non-return valves, the inboard valve need not to be fitted above the LWL.

c、If the distance between inboard opening and summer load line is more than 0.02L, a single automatic non-return valve may be fitted in scupper and discharge pipes. If the outboard valve is not directly located on the shell plating, the short pipe between the opening of shell plate and stop valve is to have substantial thickness.

From the above, "substantial thickness" means as the following:

For pipes having an external diameter equal to or less than 80 mm, the thickness shall not be less than 7 mm; For pipes having an external diameter of 180 mm, the thickness shall not be less than 10 mm; For pipes having an external diameter equal to or more than 220 mm, the thickness shall not be less than 12.5 mm. Intermediate sizes shall be determined by linear interpolation.

The requirements for non-return valves are applicable only to those discharges which remain open during the normal operation of a ship, For discharges which must necessarily be closed at sea, such as gravity drains from topside ballast tanks, a single screw down valve operated from the deck is considered to provide efficient protection.

It is considered that the position of inboard openings of scuppers and discharges is to be related to the summer timber load line when timber load line is assigned.

Scuppers led through the shell from enclosed superstructure used for the carriage of cargo shall be permitted only where the edge of the freeboard deck is not immersed when the ship heels 5°either way, or the discharge is to be led to inboard.

All shell fittings, and the valves required by this Regulation shall be of steel, bronze or other approved ductile material. Valves of ordinary cast iron or similar material are not acceptable; all pipes above are of steel.Where sanitary scupper and discharge pipes are of plastic, in addition to the above requirements, valve on shell plate is to operate outside of valve spaces. Where these plastic pipes are below summer load waterline, the valves are to operate above freeboard deck. The discharge pipes, shell fittings and valves between shell plate and the first valve are to be of steel, bronze or other approved ductile material. Except for that, consider the requirements of strengthens, duct penetrations and fire protection for plastic pipes. 

1.10.1.1.2.2 Inspect the certificate of product  of scuppers and discharges on shell plate, and shell fittings and valves are to be of steel, bronze or other approved ductile material. Valves of ordinary cast iron or similar material are not acceptable.

1.10.1.1.2.3 Inspect arrangements and means of closing of scuppers and discharges according to approved plans.

1.10.1.1.2.4 Discharge pipes led through the shell either from spaces below the freeboard deck or from within superstructures and deckhouses on the freeboard deck  are to be fitted with efficient and accessible means for preventing water from passing inboard.

1.10.1.1.2.5 Normally each separate discharge shall have one automatic non-return valve with a positive means of closing it from a position above the freeboard deck and provided with an indicator showing whether the valve is open or closed.

1.10.1.1.2.6 Arrangement of valves:

Where the vertical distance from the summer load line to the inboard end of the discharge pipe is not exceeds 0.01 L (the length of the ship), the arrangement of valves is as figure 10.1 shown.

Where the vertical distance from the summer load line to the inboard end of the discharge pipe exceeds 0.01 L (the length of the ship) but not exceeds 0.02L, if inspecting inboard valves is available at any time in operation, two automatic non-return valves without positive means of closing are to be fitted replacing stop valves, and one non-return valve is to be fitted on shell plating. The arrangement of valves is as figure 10.2 shown.

Where the vertical distance from the summer load line to the inboard end of the discharge pipe exceeds 0.02 L, a single automatic non-return valve without positive means of closing is to be fitted on shell plating. The arrangement of valves is as figure 10.3 shown.

                                                           Figure 10.1 Arrangement of discharge valves

  

Figure 10.2  Arrangement of discharge valves

 

Figure 10.3  Arrangement of discharge valves

Figure 10.4  Classified illustration of means of closing

 

1.10.1.1.2.7 the classification of means of closing is shown as figure 10.4, that is:

A—Where discharges of side scuttle below freeboard deck exceed 450mm or above summer load line is less than 600mm, non-return valve are to be fitted on shell plate; or if the pipes between shell plating and 600mm above summer load line have sufficient thickness, then the valve may not be fitted.

B—Be to have a single automatic non-return valve.

C—Be to have two automatic non-return valves without positive means of closing. However, one valve is to be fitted on shell plate, and the other one is to be fitted above the deepest season load line which is accessible for regular inspection during operation.

D—A single automatic non-return valve is fitted on shell plate with direct means of control above freeboard deck.

The requirements of E and D are the same. If a single automatic non-return valve is fitted on pipes, a sluice valve may be fitted on shell plate, and be controlled above lowest working platform in manned machinery spaces.

The requirements of G and C are the same. However, the inboard valve may be fitted below load line unless a control valve is fitted between two automatic non-return valves.

1.10.1.1.2.8  In manned machinery spaces, sea inlets and discharges for main and auxiliary enginesand control devices of emergency bilge pumping systems are to be fitted in the position which can be inspected at any time in operation. These control devices are to be fitted at appropriate height above working platform. All control devices of side scuttle valves are to have indicators clearly showing whether the valves are open or closed. 

                   Automatic machinery spaces may be treated as manned machinery spaces, but alarm devices are to be fitted in the system to indicate whether sea has flooded into machinery spaces. The time delay is to be taken into consideration in the choice of position for operating the valve.

1.10.1.1.2.9 When scuppers and discharge pipes originated from any level go through shell plating  more than 450mm below the freeboard deck or less than 600mm above the summer load line, they are to be provided: 

              a、Fit a non-return valve near shell plat as soon as possible and firmly connect with it, or

              b、The pipes between  shell plate and 600mm above summer load line are to have sufficient thickness:

(1)  For pipes having an external diameter equal to or less than 80 mm, the thickness shall not be less than 7 mm;

(2) For pipes having an external diameter of 180 mm, the thickness shall not be less than 10 mm;

(3) For pipes having an external diameter equal to or more than 220 mm, the thickness shall not be less than 12.5 mm. 

Intermediate sizes shall be determined by linear interpolation.

1.10.1.1.2.10 For Type A ships, bridge or deck house are in amidships, scupper and discharge pipes originated from such spaces passing through tanks containing  cargo oils, therefore, the thickness of pipes is to be the same as shell plate amidships at least but not more than 19mm. valves are not to be fitted on shell plate.

1.10.1.1.2.11 Inspect the tightness of joining welds between short pipe and shell plate (may use kerosene test)

1.10.1.1.2.12 Inspect the effectiveness of the means of closing

1.11        Inspection of devices of carrying timber deck cargoes

Confirm that the construction and fitting of devices of carrying timber deck cargoes are to be compliance with relative requirements through initial survey and periodical survey.

1.11.1        Inspection of devices of carrying timber deck cargoes for sea-going ships engaged on domestic voyages

1.11.1.1     Initial survey

1.11.1.1.1  Plans examination

Verify the integrity of approved plans related to ships and relevant comments, including but not limited to the  following plans:

Freeboard calculations (including calculations and verification of timber load line);

Load line mark plans (including verification of timber load line);

Arrangement plans of carrying timber deck cargoes, including Equipment and facility plans of carrying timber deck cargoes; etc.

1.11.1.1.2    On-site survey

As for the verification of ships with timber load line, inspect the devices of carrying timber deck cargoes have been constructed and arranged according to approved plans and confirm their consistence with  plans.

Inspect lashing and securing devices of deck upright and metal socket used by carrying timber, and inspect the arrangements of crew access and lifelines when carrying timber deck cargos.

If applicable, inspect protective devices (barriers, etc.) of steering gear according to the Regulation.

1.12    Inspection of inclining test and lightship weight measurement

Confirm lightship weight and position of center of gravity through inclining test and lightship weight measurement.

1.12.1       Inspection of inclining test and lightship weight measurement for sea-going ships engaged on domestic voyages

1.12.1.1     Initial survey

1.12.1.1.1  Plans examination

Verify the integrity of approved plans related to weight and position of center of gravity and relevant comments, including but not limited to the following plans:

Estimated lightship weight;

Primary intact stability;

Capacity plan and table; etc.

1.12.1.1.2 On-site survey

After the construction of ships, witness inclining test.

When construction is finished, each ship should undergo an inclining test, actual displacement and co-ordinates of the centre of gravity being determined for the lightship condition. Unless otherwise specified by the Administration, for the same type of ships from the same manufacturer, if the lightship weight deviation between subsequent ships and lead ships is not more than 2% and the deviation of longitudinal position of centre of gravity is not more than 1% of the length of the ship, inclining test may be exempted. If the inclining test is blocked in reality by the size, arrangement, strength and type of the ship, carefully estimate the weight and confirm lightship characteristics through lightship weight survey after corresponding exempt procedure.

Detailed methods and specific requirements refer to CCS Implementation Guidelines on Inclining Test and Roll Test in Still Water for Ships.

If the ship is transferred from international navigation to domestic navigation, during initial survey of Regulations on Sea-going Ships Engaged on Domestic Voyages for the first time,  and when construction survey is implemented by CCS or original ZC, the original inclining test report may be recognized; if by other inspecting institutions, conduct inclining test again in principle.

Water filling test to small ships is to be implemented according relative laws and regulations.

III-B4-2-2      Detailed requirements and guidelines on load line survey of sea-going ships engaged on domestic voyages and inland navigation ships---renewal survey  

2.1      Inspection of hull structural integrity and strength

            Confirm hull structural integrity and substantial strength through initial survey and periodical survey.

2.1.1     Inspection of hull structural integrity and strength for sea-going ships engaged on domestic voyages

2.1.1.1   Renewal survey

              Inspect and confirm that the ship has maintained substantial hull strength.

According to the Rules, hull structure is to be surveyed in special class survey or renewal survey of seaworthiness certificate, and hull strength is to be confirmed substantial through complete verification. If not, it will be unreliable that the Surveyor confirms the hull strength substantial only by general inspection to cargo tanks and spaces. In fact, the class condition cannot maintain the strength of hull structure. Meanwhile, inquiry the Captain whether there is insufficient hull strength in the cargo carriage history, e.g. stress deformation of structure, etc.

2.2      Inspection of stability information and loading manuals on board

Confirm the approved stability information on board through initial survey and periodical survey.

2.2.1    Inspection of stability information and loading manuals for sea-going ships engaged on domestic voyages

2.2.1.1   Renewal survey

Check whether  the stability information and/or loading manuals accepted by CCS or approved by the Administration on board, which are written in working language of the ship

2.3      Inspect the change to the ship arrangement and stability

Confirm that no deterioration made to the arrangement and stability through periodical survey.

2.3.1    Inspect the change to the ship arrangement and stability for sea-going ships engaged on domestic voyages

2.3.1.1   Renewal survey

Check whether the ship has the initial survey record issued by CCS, and confirm there  are no changes influencing freeboard assign since last survey by verifying the load line part of the record. If changes existed, the Surveyor is to deal with them and state in the report.

2.4      Inspection of load line marks, draught marks, etc.

Confirm that the ship has marked load line, draught marks, working draught and maximum deep draught correctly through initial survey and periodical survey.

2.4.1    Inspection of load line marks and draught marks for sea-going ships engaged on domestic voyages

2.4.1.1   Renewal survey

Inspect  thedeck line, load line, working draught and maximum deep draught marks are compliance with certificates and clear. If there is any doubt, the measurement of freeboard should be carried out. Special attention is to be given to verifying the compliance with CCS﹝2011﹞No.254 "Notice on Survey Guidelines on the Issuance of Load Line Mark, Draught Mark and Hull Color" and CCS﹝2011﹞No.255 "Notice on Interim Provisions on the Issuance of Hull Color Mark and Draught Mark" (CCS BJDND (2011) No.0300).

If applicable, inspect the special requirements of navigation ships allowed to reduce freeboard.

             Attention is to be given to whether the load line mark of the ship is compliant with requirements of the navigation area and season.

2.5      Inspection of miscellaneous openings in the deck

Confirm the , doors, sidescuttle, windows, skylights, hatchways, companionways, machinery space openings, ventilator and air pipes ,including their closing appliances installed on freeboard deck and superstructure deck securing tightness through initial survey and periodical survey.

2.5.1     Inspection of miscellaneous openings in the deck of sea-going ship engaged on domestic voyages

 

2.5.1.1   Renewal survey

Confirm that all protective devices of openings in freeboard deck and superstructure deck are effective through complete inspection and survey.

2.5.1.1.1 Access openings of enclosed superstructure end bulkheads

Structure, gaskets and clamping devices are to be effective (pay attention to whether they are stuck with paint and corrosion). Hose testing is to be conducted to weathertight doors to secure weathertightness.

2.5.1.1.2 Miscellaneous openings in the freeboard deck and superstructure deck

This includes companionway, flush scuttles, machinery space openings, small hatches on  f’cle and poop decks, other hatches and openings and the means of closing, etc. The inspection is to include the visual inspection to coaming structure and top structure; inspect the integrity of means of closing (bolts and nuts for securing, device for fixing hatch cover in opening condition) and the tightness through hose testing and other equivalent methods.

2.5.1.1.3 Ventilator and air pipe

Close survey is to be carried out to coamings of ventilator and air pipe, and special attention is to be given to the corrosion of deck bottom and back. Confirm the using functions of fire damper of ventilator and means of closing of air pipe. If there is any doubt, complete examination(both externally and internally) to be carried out  and repairing if necessary. Tightness survey is to be carried out to means of closing of ventilator by impression with chalks. If the ventilator has been equipped with fire damper, confirm that its integrity and position of closing are compliance with regulations. As for air pipe, inspect its means of closing in effective. If the means of closing is fitted with floating ball or floating disk of automatic non-return arrangement, the Surveyor is to make complete inspection from the internal to  conform no  losing and damage to floating ball or floating disk, corrosion and abrasion of pipe head and the influence to reliable closing, especially the condition of zinc coating of galvanized steel pipe head.

If any abnormal condition is found in the inspection, the Surveyor is to extend the scale of inspection. Additionally, flame screens are to be inspected in the inspection of air pipes of tankers and oil tanks of ordinary ships.

2.5.1.1.4  Side scuttle

Detailed inspection is carried out to sidescuttles and their  seal, including glasses, tightening screws and nuts of  storm covers and hose testing to sidescuttles.

2.6      Inspection of bow door, stern door, side shell door, etc, and the closing devices

Confirm the arrangement, installation, effectiveness and tightness of s bow door, stern door, side shell door through initial survey and periodical survey.

2.6.1    Inspection of side shell openings and closing devices for sea-going ships engaged on domestic voyages

2.6.1.1   Renewal survey

Inspect the corrosion of structural members of bow door, stern door, side shell door (including other side openings if applicable),  Inspect and test the closing device, check the securing and locking mechanism ,carry out hose test.

2.7      Inspection of cargo  hatchway coamings and hatch covers

Confirm the structure and tightness of cargo hatchway coamings and hatch covers and means of closing of hatch covers in normal condition through initial survey and periodical survey.

2.7.1    Inspection of cargo hatchway coamings and hatch covers for sea-going ships engaged on domestic voyages

2.7.1.1   Renewal survey

Inspect cargo hatchway coamings and hatch covers according to the following requirements.

2.7.1.1.1 Hatchways closed by portable covers

2.7.1.1.1.1 Hatch covers

Inspect the number and condition of hatch covers (including garter spring), when changing hatch cover, the Surveyor is to confirm that the specification of new hatch cover is the same as that of the original one. 

2.7.1.1.1.2 Portable beams

Inspect portable beam condition and whether there is any excessive corrosion or deformation. If the deformation has influenced the place of hatch covers, repair or renew it.

2.7.1.1.1.3 Pontoon covers

Inspect the corrosion and deformation of pontoon covers.

2.7.1.1.1.4 Cleats

Inspect the abrasion, corrosion and deformation of cleats, which will directly influence the match and hatch tightness between cleats and battens and wedges.

2.7.1.1.1.5 Battens and wedges

The Surveyor inspects and confirms that the number of battens and wedges is substantial, especially the cleats often used on board.

2.7.1.1.1.6 Tarpaulins

At least two layers of tarpaulin in good condition shall be provided. As tarpaulins are easy to be damaged under exposed conditions, so the Surveyor confirms that the repaired canvas does not affect weathertightness of tarpaulin. 

2.7.1.1.2 Hatchways closed by weathertight covers of steel fitted with gaskets and clamping devices

2.7.1.1.2.1 Weathertight covers

Carefully inspect hatch covers, especially the edge with severe corrosion. Means of closing and its channel are to be inspected (maintaining enclosed tightness in good condition). Hose test to all hatch covers carried out to insure weathertightness.  

2.7.1.1.2.2 Hatch way coamings

Close survey is to be carried out to hatch way coamings and their strengthening structure. Inspect the corrosion of coamings, including the inner surface, upper edge and half-round steel bar at the deck; inspect exterior strengthening structure, including  bracket, stiffeners and pay attention to the corrosion of bracket bottom, especially the corrosion and crack of fastening rod opening at the top of coaming. The structure with excess corrosion and deformation is to be repaired.

2.8      Inspection of bulwarks, guard rails, .and other means for protect crews.

Confirm that bulwarks, guard rails, .and other means for protect crews. are in compliance with relative requirements through initial survey and periodical survey.

2.8.1     Inspection of crew protective devices  such as bulwarks,  guard rails, freeing port, access, ladder, lifelines and  attachments  of sea-going ships engaged on domestic voyages

2.8.1.1   Renewal survey

Visual  inspection to bulwark,  guard rail, freeing ports, access, ladder, lifelines and attachments.

Inspection is to be conducted to smoothness of freeing port;  if freeing port fitted with shutters, inspect the integrity,  activate the shutter   

As for crew protective devices, inspect conditions of  guard rail, accommodation ladder, deck lifeline and bulwark, and special attention is to be given to whether the opening below the lowest course of the guard rails  which would lead to the height  exceed 230mm. In inspection, if large deformation occurs on the accommodation ladder and has influenced the usage of ladder, the Surveyor is to ask for repair from ship owner.

2.9      Inspection of spurling pipe and chain locker

Confirm that the set of spurling pipe and chain locker is compliance with relative requirements for sea-going ships engaged on domestic voyages through initial survey and periodic survey.

2.9.1    Inspection of spurling pipe and chain locker of sea-going ships engaged on domestic voyages

2.9.1.1   Renewal survey

Spurling pipe and chain locker （it applies to the ships laid with keel or in the phase of construction after 1 September 2011）

Inspect tightness of openings in spurling pipe and chain locker, their watertightness up to the deck exposed to weather for ships in  unrestricted area ,or watertight up to the freeboard deck and  weathertight up to the deck exposed to weather for ships in other waters.

2.10     Inspection of scuppers, inlets and discharges

Confirm the setting and condition of scuppers, inlets and discharges are compliance with relative requirements through initial survey and periodical survey.

2.10.1   Inspection of structural integrity and strength of sea-going ships engaged on domestic voyages

2.10.1.1  Renewal survey

Carefully inspect the scuppers, inlets and discharges include the pipes, valves and their switch positions.

2.11     Inspection of devices of carrying timber deck cargoes

Confirm that the construction and fitting of devices used for carrying timber deck cargoes are to be in compliance with relative requirements through initial survey and periodical survey.

2.11.1    Inspection of devices of carrying timber deck cargoes for sea-going ships engaged on domestic voyages

2.11.1.1  Renewal survey

As for the verification of ships with timber load line, inspect the devices of carrying timber deck cargoes have been constructed and fitted according to approved plans and confirm their consistence with ship plans.

Inspect lashing and tight devices of deck upright and metal socket used by carrying timber, and inspect crew access and lifelines when carrying timber deck cargos.

If applicable, inspect protective devices ( guard rail, etc.) of steering gear according to the Convention.

 

2.12     Inclining test and lightship weight measurement

Confirm lightship weight and position of center of gravity through inclining test and lightship weight measurement.

2.12.1   Inclining test and lightship weight measurement for sea-going ships engaged on domestic voyages

2.12.1.1 Renewal survey

For passenger ships, confirm that lightship weight measurement once in five years has been carried out. If the measurement shows that changes of lightship weight and longitudinal position of gravity center exceed relative regulations, further verifying them for possible reasons and re-verifying strength and stability of the ship if necessary.

It does not apply to cargo ships.

III-B4-2-3      Detailed requirements and guidelines on load line survey of sea-going ships engaged on domestic voyages and inland navigation ships---annual survey

3.1      Inspection of hull structural integrity and strength

Confirm hull structural integrity and substantial strength through initial survey and periodical survey.

3.1.1    Inspection of hull structural integrity and strength for sea-going ships engaged on domestic voyages

3.1.1.1   Annual survey

General inspection is to be  carried out to overall strength of the ship and confirm it being in normal conditions. It may be recognized that the ship has sufficient strength which has been repaired and maintained according to relative Rules and Regulations.

3.2      Inspection of stability information and loading manuals on board

Confirm the approved stability information on board through initial survey and periodical survey.

3.2.1    Inspection of stability information and loading manuals for sea-going ships engaged on domestic voyages

3.2.1.1   Annual survey

Check whether the stability information and/or loading manuals accepted by CCS or approved by the Administration on board,  which are written in working language of the ship.

3.3      Inspect the change of arrangement and stability

Confirm that the arrangement and stability whether changed substantially through periodical survey.

3.3.1    Inspect the change of arrangement and stability for sea-going ships engaged on domestic voyages

3.3.1.1  Annual survey

Confirm "there are no changes influencing the calculation of load line assign happened in hull or superstructure", If changes existed, the Surveyor is to deal with them and state in the report.

3.4      Inspection of load line marks, draught marks, etc.

Confirm that the ship has marked load line, draught marks, working draught and maximum deep draught correctly through initial survey and periodical survey.

3.4.1    Inspection of load line marks and draught marks for sea-going ships engaged on domestic voyages

3.4.1.1   Annual survey

Inspect the deck line, load line, working draught and maximum deep draught mark are compliance with certificates and clear. If there is any doubt, the measurement of freeboard should be carried out. Special  attention is to be given to verifying the compliance with CCS﹝2011﹞No.254 "Notice on Survey Guidelines on the Issuance of Load Line Mark, Draught Mark and Hull Color" and CCS﹝2011﹞No.255 "Notice on Interim Provisions on the Issuance of Hull Color Mark and Draught Mark" (CCS BJDND (2011) No.0300).

If applicable, inspect the special requirements of navigation ships allowed to reduce freeboard.

Attention is to be given to whether the load line mark of the ship is compliant with requirements of the navigation area and season.

3.5      Inspection of miscellaneous openings in the deck

Confirm the doors, sidescuttle, windows, skylights, hatchways, companionways, machinery space openings, ventilator and air pipes including their closing appliances installed on freeboard deck and superstructure deck securing tightness through initial survey and periodical survey.

3.5.1    Inspection of miscellaneous openings in the deck of sea-going ship engaged on domestic voyages

3.5.1.1   Annual survey

Confirm that all protective devices of openings in freeboard deck and superstructure deck are effective through complete inspection and survey, which refer to the requirement of renewal survey. However, whether tightness test carried out can be decided  by Surveyor

Protective devices of openings include machinery space openings, openings in end bulkhead of superstructure, access openings of crew accommodation, other openings in the deck, ventilator, air pipe include its head, side scuttle and means of closing keep  weathertight. Pay attention to and confirm the function of fire dampers of ventilator and means of closing of air pipe. If there is any doubt, complete examination(both externally and internally) to be carried out and repairing if necessary.

3.6      Inspection of s bow door, stern door, side shell door etc, and the closing devices

Confirm the arrangement, installation, effectiveness and tightness of s bow door, stern door and side shell door through initial survey and periodical survey.

3.6.1     Inspection of side shell openings and closing device for sea-going ships engaged on domestic voyages

3.6.1.1   Annual survey

Inspect the corrosion of structural members of bow door, stern door and side shell door(including other side openings if applicable), inspect and test the closing device, check the securing and locking mechanism , carry out hose testing only when the Surveyor thinks it necessary.

 

3.7      Inspection of cargo hatchway coamings and hatch covers

Confirm the structure and tightness of cargo hatch way coamings and hatch covers and means of closing of hatch covers in normal condition through initial survey and periodical survey.

3.7.1    Inspection of cargo hatchway coamings and hatch covers for sea-going ships engaged on domestic voyages

3.7.1.1   Annual survey

Inspect cargo hatchway coamings and hatch covers according to the following requirements.

3.7.1.1.1 Hatchways closed by portable covers

3.7.1.1.1.1 Hatch covers

Inspect the number and condition of hatch covers (including garter spring), when changing hatch cover, the Surveyor is to confirm that the specification of new hatch cover is the same as that of the original one.

3.7.1.1.1.2 Portable beams

Inspect portable beam condition and whether there is any excessive corrosion or deformation. If the deformation has influenced the place of hatch covers, repair or renew it.

3.7.1.1.1.3 Pontoon covers

Inspect the corrosion and deformation of pontoon covers.

3.7.1.1.1.4 Cleats

Inspect the abrasion, corrosion and deformation of cleats, which will directly influence the match and hatch tightness between cleats and battens and wedges.

3.7.1.1.1.5 Battens and wedges

The Surveyor inspects and confirms that the number of battens and wedges is substantial, especially the cleats often used on board.

3.7.1.1.1.6 Tarpaulins

At least two layers of tarpaulin in good condition shall be provided. As tarpaulins are easy to be damaged under exposed conditions, so the Surveyor confirms that the repaired canvas does not affect weathertightness of tarpaulin.

3.7.1.1.2 Hatchways closed by weathertight covers of steel fitted with gaskets and clamping devices

3.7.1.1.2.1 Weathertight covers

Carefully inspect hatch covers, especially the edge with severe corrosion. Means of closing and its channel are to be inspected (maintaining enclosed tightness in good condition). Hose testing is to be carried out when the survey think it necessary.

3.7.1.1.2.2 Hatch way coamings

Close survey is to be carried out to hatch way coamings and their strengthening structure. Inspect the corrosion of coamings, including the inner surface, upper edge and half-round steel bar at the deck; inspect exterior strengthening structure, including  bracket, stiffeners and pay attention to the corrosion of bracket bottom, especially the corrosion and crack of fastening rod opening at the top of coaming. The structure with excess corrosion and deformation is to be repaired.

3.8      Inspection of bulwarks, guard rails,  and other means for protect crews.

Confirm  the bulwarks and guard rails are in compliance with relative requirements through initial survey and periodical survey.

3.8.1    Inspection of crew protective devices such as bulwarks, guard rails, freeing ports, access, ladder, lifelines and attachments of sea-going ships engaged on domestic voyages

3.8.1.1   Annual survey

Visual inspection to bulwarks, guard rails, freeing ports, access, ladders, lifelines and  attachments.

Inspection is to be conducted to smoothness of freeing port; if freeing port fitted with shutters, inspect the integrity, activate the shutters.  

As for crew protective devices, inspect conditions of guard rails, accommodation ladder, deck lifeline and bulwark, and special attention is to be given to whether the opening below the lowest course of the guard rail which would lead to the height exceed 230mm. In inspection, if large deformation occurs on the accommodation ladder and has influenced the usage of ladder, the Surveyor is to ask for repair from ship owner.

3.9      Inspection of spurling pipe and chain locker

Confirm that the set of spurling pipe and chain locker is compliance with relative requirements for sea-going ships engaged on domestic voyages through initial survey and periodic survey.

 

11.9.1    Inspection of spurling pipe and chain locker of sea-going ships engaged on domestic voyages

11.9.1.1   Annual survey

Spurling pipe and chain locker （it applies to the ships laid with keel or in the phase of construction after 1 September 2011）

Inspect tightness of openings in spurling pipe and chain locker, their watertightness up to the deck exposed to weather for ships in unrestricted area or watertight up to the freeboard deck and up to the deck exposed to weather for ships in other waters.

3.10     Inspection of scuppers, inlets and discharges

Confirm the setting and condition of scuppers, inlets and discharges are compliance with relative requirements through initial survey and periodical survey.

3.10.1   Inspection of structural integrity and strength of sea-going ships engaged on domestic voyages

3.10.1.1  Annual survey

Inspect  the scuppers, inlets and discharges include the pipes, valves and their switch positions.

3.11     Inspection of devices of carrying timber deck cargoes

Confirm that the construction and fitting of devices of carrying timber deck cargoes are to be in compliance with relative requirements through initial survey and periodical survey.

3.11.1   Inspection of devices of carrying timber deck cargoes for sea-going ships engaged on domestic voyages

3.11.1.1  Annual survey

As for the verification of ships with timber load line, inspect the devices used for carrying timber deck cargoes have been constructed and fitted according to approved plans and confirm their consistence with ship plans.

Inspect lashing and tight devices of deck upright and metal socket used by carrying timber, and inspect crew access and lifelines when carrying timber deck cargos.

If applicable, inspect protective devices (guard rail, etc.) of steering gear according to the Convention.

3.12     Inclining test and lightship weight measurement

Confirm lightship weight and position of center of gravity through inclining test and lightship weight measurement.

3.12.1   Inclining test and lightship weight measurement for sea-going ships engaged on domestic voyages

3.12.1.1 Annual survey：

For passenger ships, confirm that lightship weight measurement once in five years has been carried out. If the measurement shows that changes of lightship weight and  longitudinal position of gravity center  exceed relative regulations, further verifying them for possible reasons and re-verifying strength and stability of the ship if necessary.

It does not apply to cargo ships.

III-B4-2-1      国内海船和内河船舶载重线检验详细要求和指导-初次检验

1.1      船体结构完整性和船舶强度的检查

通过初次检验和定期检验确认船舶船体结构的完整性和船舶具有足够的强度。

1.1.1     国内海船船体结构完整性和船舶强度的检查

1.1.1.1    初次检验

1.1.1.1.1  图纸的审查

查核业经审批的与船舶结构完整性和船舶强度有关的设计图纸资料的完整性及相关的审图意见，包括但不限于下列图纸：

船舶强度计算书（含总纵强度计算、结构吃水）；

总布置图；

型线图；

基本结构图；

横剖面图；等。

1.1.1.1.2  现场检验

核查船舶在其结构布置和强度方面已按审批图纸进行建造，确认船图一致性。

1.2      船上稳性资料、装载手册等的检查

通过初次检验和定期检验确认船上保存有批准的完整稳性等文件资料。

1.2.1     国内海船稳性资料、装载手册等的检查

1.2.1.1    初次检验

1.2.1.1.1  图纸的审查

查核业经审批的与船舶稳性和装载有关的设计图纸资料的完整性及相关的审图意见，包括但不限于下列图纸：

船舶完整稳性计算书；

船舶破舱稳性计算书；

装载手册；

浮力储备计算书（动力支承船）；

静水力曲线或数据；等。

1.2.1.1.2  现场检验

确认已向船长提交批准的完整稳性、破舱稳性、装载手册等文件资料。

1.3      船舶布置和稳性变化情况的检查

本项目对初次检验不适用。

1.4      载重线标志、水尺、船体颜色等的检查

通过初次检验和定期检验确认船舶正确勘划了载重线、水尺、作业吃水、最大沉深吃水等标志。

1.4.1     国内海船载重线标志、水尺等的检查

1.4.1.1    初次检验

1.4.1.1.1  图纸的审查

查核业经审批的与船舶载重线标志、水尺等有关的设计图纸资料的完整性及相关的审图意见，包括但不限于下列图纸：

干舷计算书及表明船舶主尺度的图纸；

载重线标志及水尺图；

反映被允许以减少干舷航行船舶特殊要求的图纸；等。

1.4.1.1.2  现场检验

核查船舶在其载重线、水尺、作业吃水、最大沉深吃水等标志方面已按审批图纸进行勘划，确认船图一致性。并注意核查海船检﹝2011﹞254号“关于印发载重线标志和水尺堪划及船体颜色检验指南的通知”和海船检﹝2011﹞255“关于印发船体颜色标志和水尺堪划暂行规定的通知”要求（我社BJDND(2011)0300号通知）的满足情况。

适用时，检查被允许减少干舷航行船舶的特殊装置。

注意关注该船的载重线标志是否满足该船的航行区域和季节的要求。

（1） 完工干舷核定

a.核查批准的技术设计的干舷计算书和载重线标志及水尺图审批意见的落实情况。

b.见证实船型深测定（注：型深是在船长中点处沿船舷由平板龙骨上缘起量，而不应自平均基线起量）并对船厂检验报告认可签署。

c.型深D的建造公差（△D）如在本社认可标准的公差范围，即按审批的技术设计载重线标志图自上而下勘划干舷。

d.如△D超出认可标准的公差范围，可由船厂按完工主尺度重新计算再次送审，亦可由执行验船师按法规要求，从偏于安全角度处理公差而勘定完工干舷。

（2） 载重线标志及水尺标志检查

a.根据批准的载重线标志图检查载重线标志勘划的正确性。载重线位置的高低偏差应在±1.0mm范围内。检查圆盘直径和各线段的宽度和长度、甲板线位置、各线段与甲板线的相对位置、圆盘及其水平线与甲板线的相对位置、各字母符号的正确性。对国内海船应确认各线段均按规定位于圆盘船首方向，仅木材载重线标志按规定系位于圆盘船尾方向。由中国船级社勘划干舷时，采用CS为勘划机构的简称字母，如下图所示。标绘时，环的中心应位于船舶每舷按法规所规定的长度中点。环、线和字母的规格如图4.1、4.2所示。

它们还应是永久地标志在船舶的两舷，面向载重线标志时，字母顺序排列按英文习惯自左至右。

图4.1  非装载木材货物的船舶的载重线标志

图4.2  装载木材货物船舶的载重线标志

注：

CS       中国船级社

RQ       热带淡水载重线

Q  夏季淡水载重线

R  热带载重线

X  夏季载重线

MRQ    热带淡水木材载重线

MQ      夏季淡水木材载重线

MR      热带木材载重线

MX      夏季木材载重线

*   干舷高度应自环中心量至甲板线上缘

** 环水平中心线上缘

***      所有测量均从环中心至角线上缘

1.4.1.1.2.3 载重线标志可用下述方法之一永久地勘划在船舷中部两侧：

a. 标志用钢板制成实样焊接在船舷；

b. 堆焊载重线标志的边线。

载重线标志的油漆颜色应清晰，当船舷为暗色底者，应漆白色或黄色，当船舷为浅色底者，应漆黑色。

1.4.1.1.2.4 如船舶所核定的干舷比最小干舷为大，因而其载重线是勘划在相当或低于根据法规第三篇本篇所核定的最小干舷相应的夏季载重线位置时，可仅勘划淡水载重线。

1.4.1.1.2.5 对于客船不但需要按法规有关载重线的规定计算干舷，而且还应满足《国内航行国内海船法定检验技术规则》第四篇“船舶安全”对客船的分舱与稳性的要求。通常形状干舷小于按客船的分舱与稳性要求计算的干舷，这时应勘划较大的干舷，按富裕干舷的原则，应勘划淡水载重线及分舱载重线C.1，如图4.3所示。

图4.3

 

对于客货船可以勘划如图4.4所示的载重线标志。当其不搭载旅客时，可以当做普通货物运输船舶使用。但当其搭载旅客时应使用图中的C1或C2载重线。

图4.4

 

如果全部旅客处所都用来载客时，则应按“C1”分舱载重线装载客货；如果只利用部分旅客处所用来载客时，则可按“C2”分舱载重线装载客货。

1.4.1.1.2.6 对于遮蔽航区船舶、顶推船—驳船组合体、半潜船和工程船舶，尚应注意按照法规的特殊规定和要求进行干舷核定和检验。

1.4.1.1.2.7 水尺标志检查：水尺数字的下缘与对应吃水的水尺刻度线下缘平齐，满载吃水水线分界线经过载重线标志圆圈圆心。水尺位置高低偏差标准在±1.0mm范围内，允许极限为±2.0mm。首、尾两舷水尺标志尽可能勘划在首、尾垂线处，并可根据实际情况平行引伸勘划成阶梯状，尾部可以将水尺标志勘划在舵叶后缘适当位置；船长中部两舷勘划水尺标志时，国内海船水尺标志在载重线圆环中心向后1200mm处或最近的肋位上。永久性勘划水尺标志的方法和水尺标志颜色与4.1.1.2.3条对载重线标志的要求相同。

船体外侧从船首至船尾以载重线标志中水平线的上边缘的水平延伸线为界，其上下壳板的油漆颜色应明显不相同。

1.4.1.1.2.8 检查被允许减少干舷航行船舶的特殊装置。

1.4.1.1.2.9 检验中还应注意关注船舶的载重线标志是否满足该船计划的营运航行区域和季节的要求。航行区域和季节划分如下：

（1）汕头以北的中国沿海：

季节期：

热带：自4月16日至10月31日；

夏季：自11月1日至4月15日。

（2）汕头以南的中国沿海：

季节期：

热带：自2月16日至10月31日；

夏季：自11月1日至2月15日。

汕头港应被当作处于船舶驶来或驶往的区域内。

1.5      各种甲板开口的检查

通过初次检验和定期检验确认船舶干舷甲板和上层建筑甲板上的门、舷窗、窗、天窗、小舱口、升降口、机舱开口、通风筒、空气管等各种开口及其关闭装置的安装以及密性情况。

1.5.1    国内海船各种甲板开口的检查

1.5.1.1  初次检验

1.5.1.1.1 图纸的审查

查核业经审批的与船舶甲板各种开口有关的设计图纸资料的完整性及相关的审图意见，包括但不限于下列图纸：

门、窗、小舱口、人孔盖布置图；

通风筒布置图（自然通风、机械通风、空调）；

空气管布置图；

机舱棚结构图；

适用时，其他开口图纸；

1.5.1.1.2  现场检验

对船上各种甲板开口进行检验，确认船上各种开口的实际情况符合审查批准的图纸要求，并进行冲水试验或粉笔压印试验等以确认开口关闭装置的密性。

1.5.1.1.2.1 风雨密门检查

基本要求：

上层建筑及甲板室所有出入口应装设钢质门，永久和牢固的安装在端壁上，并应有加强筋加强，使整个结构与完整的端壁具有同等的强度，并在关闭时保证风雨密。保证风雨密的装置应永久的装固于端壁或门上，同时这些门应在围壁两侧都能进行操作。门一般应向外开，其铰链的设置应使主要方向的上浪能使门关闭。

门槛高度的有关规定：

在决定上层建筑或甲板室围壁上的门槛高度时，首先要考虑的是门所处的位置。

位置1：在露天的干舷甲板和后升高甲板上，以及位于从首垂线起船长的四分之一以前的露天上层建筑甲板上；

位置2：在位于首垂线起船长的四分之一以后，且在干舷甲板以上至少一个标准上层建筑高度的露天上层建筑甲板上。在位于首垂线起船长的四分之一以前，且在干舷甲板以上两个标准上层建筑高度的露天上层建筑甲板上。（下划线线部分适用于2008年9月1日或以后安放龙骨或处于相应建造阶段的船舶。）

（以下所有所述的位置1、位置2的含义同上）

其次考虑的是门所在的封闭上层建筑、甲板室、升降口或机舱舱棚所保护的开口的类型。

a、当由上述建筑物所围闭的干舷甲板、上层建筑甲板无任何向下的开口时，并且所围闭的处所是工作处所、居住处所等船员经常出入的地方时，无论位置1或位置2，门槛高度为380mm。

b、由上述建筑物所围闭的处所具有除机舱开口以外的向下开口时，对于位置1的首尾楼或干舷甲板上的甲板室，满足“载重线”所定义的封闭上层建筑的要求，即上层甲板设有通道以替代干舷甲板上的通道时，进入首尾楼或干舷甲板上的甲板室的门槛高度为380mm，如果上层甲板没有上述通道，则门槛高度为600mm。对于位置2的门口，门槛高度为380mm；

c、对于机舱开口，应用适当构架和用足够强度的钢质机舱棚有效的围闭，当机舱棚无其他建筑物防护时，对于B型船舶，如在位置1，舱棚出入口门槛高度为600mm，在位置2时，门槛高度为380mm；对于A型船舶或减小干舷的B型船舶应设置双重风雨密门，内门门槛高度为230mm，外门门槛高度为600mm。当机舱棚有其他建筑物完全防护时，机舱开口可视为b条所述的一般向下开口，仅需考虑其他建筑物上的门及门槛高度，对内部机舱棚上的门及门槛高度没有特殊要求。

查阅船用产品合格证，并核对钢印或标志，注意风雨密门应与安装处的端壁具有同等的强度。

按批准图纸检查门的位置，检查门槛高度（图例如下，表列为“载重线”法规条款）

 

注：机舱棚无其它结构保护时，对于A型船舶及减小干舷的B型船舶应设双重风雨密门，内门门槛为230mm，外门门槛为600mm。

 

注：当端壁开口关闭时，尾楼内的船员能有效地，并随时可供使用的其他通道前往机舱和其它工作处所，此尾楼可视为封闭的，故第一层门槛高度取第2.1.2条。

 

冲水试验：检查门关闭效用情况，并进行冲水试验，关闭装置保持风雨密。

1.5.1.1.2.2 通风筒、空气管检查：

a. 通风筒基本要求：通往干舷甲板或封闭上层建筑甲板以下的处所的通风筒应以钢质材料制成，结构应坚固，并且与甲板牢固的连接，通风筒壁厚的要求如下：

通风筒内径（mm） 围板厚度（mm）

 

当通风筒围板高度超过900mm时，必须有专门的支撑，支撑的形式一般为肘板。

通风筒高度及关闭装置的要求：对于位置1的通风筒，围板高度高出甲板以上4.5m；位置2的通风筒，围板高度高出甲板以上2.3m时，不需装设封闭装置。对不符合上述要求的通风筒，开口应具备有效的风雨密关闭设备。风雨密关闭装置应为钢质或等效材料，一般通过夹扣和衬垫来保证风雨密，不允许采用木塞或帆布罩。对长度不超过100m的船舶，风雨密关闭装置应永久的附连在通风筒上，长度超过100m的船舶，关闭装置可以方便的贮存在相应的通风筒附近。对于这些通风筒，位于“位置1”时，围板高度至少为900mm，位于“位置2”时，围板高度至少为760mm。围板高度均是从甲板量起至最低可能进水的开口处为止。

b. 空气管基本要求：空气管露出甲板的部分应坚固，当空气管外径等于或小于80mm时，壁厚不小于6.0mm，当外径等于或大于165mm时，厚度不小于8.5mm，中间尺寸由线性内插法确定。对于顶板的长度或宽度不小于7m的舱柜，应设2根或多根空气管；具有阴极保护的舱柜，应在其前后端设置空气管；延伸至两舷的每一个双层底分舱应自两舷引出空气管；对燃油舱柜、液货船货油舱前后两端的深隔离空舱以及货油区域内非装货的其他舱柜或隔离空舱，空气管管口处应装设耐腐蚀和便于更换的金属防火网。

空气管高度及关闭装置的要求：空气管管口应具有永久附连于管口的自动风雨密关闭装置，（蓝色字体部分适用于2008年9月1日或以后安放龙骨或处于相应建造阶段的船舶。）在液货船上可使用压力/真空阀（PV阀）；关闭装置不允许采用木塞或帆布罩。空气管位于干舷甲板上时，高度至少为760mm；位于上层建筑甲板时，高度至少为450mm，如果甲板装有木铺板，则这些高度应从木铺板以上量取，高度是指自甲板至水可能从管口进入下面的那一点之间的距离。注意测深兼透气空气管头也应装设风雨密关闭装置。

c. 按批准图纸要求检查布置情况。

检查通风筒的支撑情况与关闭要求。

检查空气管口关闭装置的产品证书。

检查通风筒与空气管的高度。图示如下：

 

冲水试验：检查通风筒关闭装置的效用情况，并进行冲水试验，如验船师同意，可以粉笔压印试验代替冲水试验。

1.5.1.1.2.3 舷窗和风暴盖的检查

基本要求：在干舷甲板以下处所或第一层封闭上层建筑内处所的舷窗应装设设有铰链的可靠的内侧窗盖，其装置应能有效的关闭，如位于干舷甲板以下，应能保证水密；在干舷甲板以上应能保证风雨密。下述位置不能装设舷窗，即当窗槛低于在船侧处的干舷甲板平行线，该线的最低点在夏季载重水线（或夏季木材载重线，如有时）以上的距离为船宽的2.5%或500mm，取大者；由于分舱特征致使干舷减少的船舶，位于有浸水考虑的舱以外的舱室且低于最终水线的舷窗应为非开启式。舷窗连同其玻璃、窗盖、风暴盖应为坚固的和经批准的结构。舷窗是指面积不超过0.16m2的圆形或椭圆形开口，面积超过0.16m2的圆形或椭圆形开口应视为窗。如后升高甲板或上层建筑甲板的高度等于或大于升高甲板的标准高度，就设置舷窗内盖而言，位于后升高甲板上或小于标准高度上层建筑甲板上的甲板室，可以被认为是在第2层甲板室上。

查阅船用产品合格证。

冲水试验，保持风雨密。

由于分舱特征致使干舷减少的船舶，位于有浸水考虑的舱以外的舱室且低于最终水线的舷窗应为非开启式。

1.5.1.1.2.4 小舱口、人孔的检查

在位置1时，小舱口的围板在甲板上的最小高度为600mm，位置2时为450mm，检查小舱口盖的紧固装置及关闭的效用情况，并进行冲水试验，保证风雨密。

对于在“位置1”或“位置2”，或在非封闭上层建筑内的人孔或平的小舱口，应用能达到水密的坚固罩盖关闭，这些罩盖应使用间隔紧密的螺栓紧固，如采用其他方式固定，罩盖应能永久的附装于开口处。

1.5.1.1.2.5 遮蔽航区船舶的特殊规定（适用于2006年3月1日或以后安放龙骨或处于相应建造阶段的船舶）：

航行于遮蔽航区或相当遮蔽航区营运限制的船舶，其开口关闭设备超过甲板的高度可按下表决定。

仅在港内航行与作业的工程船舶，如不损害其安全作业，经批准，其开口关闭设备超过甲板的高度可以适当降低，但至少应为下表中位置2规定的要求。

 

1.6      艏门、艉门、舷门等舷侧开口及其关闭装置的检查

通过初次检验和定期检验确认船舶的艏门、艉门、舷门等舷侧开口及其关闭装置的布置、安装、效用和密性情况。

1.6.1    国内海船舷侧开口及其关闭装置的检查

1.6.1.1   初次检验

1.6.1.1.1  图纸的审查

查核业经审批的与船舶舷侧开口及其关闭装置有关的设计图纸资料的完整性及相关的审图意见，包括但不限于下列图纸：

艏门、艉门和舷门布置图、结构图以及启闭、锁紧机构和密封装置的图纸；

适用时，其它舷侧开口及其关闭装置的图纸；等。

1.6.1.1.2  现场检验

查核艏门、艉门和舷门（适用时，包括其它舷侧开口）及其开闭、锁紧机构和密封装置的制造、布置和安装符合业经审批的技术设计图纸资料及审图意见（如适用时）；具有有关的产品证书；对其启闭、锁紧机构和密封装置的布置和安装进行检验和开闭试验，检查锁紧机构工作的可靠性，进行冲水试验。

1.7      货舱舱口围板、舱口盖的检查

通过初次检验和定期检验确认船舶货舱舱口围板、舱口盖的结构和密性以及舱口盖的开闭机构处于正常状态。

1.7.1     国内海船货舱舱口围板、舱口盖的检查

1.7.1.1   初次检验

1.7.1.1.1  图纸的审查

查核业经审批的与船舶   有关的设计图纸资料的完整性及相关的审图意见，包括但不限于下列图纸：

货舱舱口围板结构图；

货舱盖板布置与结构图（包括强度计算）；等。

1.7.1.1.2  现场检验

核查船舶货舱舱口围板、舱口盖已按审批图纸进行建造，确认船图一致性，进行冲水试验确认舱口盖的密性。

1.7.1.1.2.1 货舱口及其类似舱口围板在位置1时，其在甲板上的最小高度为600mm，位置2时为450mm。保证风雨密的措施分为两类：一类是采用活动舱盖关闭以及用舱盖布和封舱压条来保证风雨密的舱口，有关结构的一般要求如下：舱口盖的每一支撑面的宽度至少为65mm，舱口楔耳宽至少为65mm，其中心间距不大于600mm，沿舱口每侧或每端的楔耳距舱口的转角，距离应不大于150mm。楔子应用坚韧的木材或其他相当的材料，楔子斜度应不大于1：6，且其尖头的厚度应不小于13mm，舱口盖布应是防水的和有足够的强度，至少应备有两层。当舱口盖的长度超过1.5m时，固定舱口盖的紧固装置（钢质压条）至少应有两套。另一类是现行绝大多数船舶所采用的舱口盖，即设有衬垫和夹扣装置的风雨密钢质舱盖。对于这类舱口盖，如设有标准高度的舱口围板，当舱口盖承受货物负荷即使是重货时，若负荷不超过1.75t/m2（在位置1）（散货船舱口盖除外），无需要求额外加强。

查阅舱口盖的船用产品合格证，并核对钢印或标志。

检查舱口围板高度（两种位置如下图示）。

 

图7.1

 

检查货舱舱口盖紧固装置的完整性及关闭的效用情况，并进行冲水试验，保持风雨密。

1.7.1.1.2.2 对于在“位置1”或“位置2”，或在非封闭上层建筑内的人孔或平的小舱口，应用能达到水密的坚固罩盖关闭，这些罩盖应使用间隔紧密的螺栓紧固，如采用其他方式固定，罩盖应能永久的附装于开口处。

1.8      舷墙、栏杆等船员保护装置的检查

通过初次检验和定期检验确认船舶的舷墙、栏杆等船员保护装置的设置符合相关要求。

1.8.1     国内海船舷墙、栏杆、疏排水系统、排水舷口、通道、扶梯、安全绳及其附属装置等船员保护装置的检查

1.8.1.1   初次检验

1.8.1.1.1  图纸的审查

查核业经审批的与船员保护装置有关的设计图纸资料的完整性及相关的审图意见，包括但不限于下列图纸：

舷墙布置和结构图，包括排水舷口的布置；

栏杆、扶手、安全通道与安全绳布置图；

步桥布置图（A型船舶）；等。

1.8.1.1.2  现场检验

对舷墙、栏杆、疏排水系统、排水舷口、通道、扶梯、安全绳及其附属装置等船员保护装置进行外观检查，核实其按照审批图纸进行设置，确认船图一致性。

1.8.1.1.2.1 排水舷口检查其面积及开口保护情况

基本要求：排水舷口的下边缘应尽可能接近甲板，所需排水舷口面积的2/3应分布在“阱”内最接近舷弧线最低点的二分之一长度处。露天干舷甲板或露天上层建筑甲板上无舷弧或舷弧极小时，排水舷口面积应沿阱的长度分布。设有舷墙的‘A’型船舶，至少应在露天甲板开敞部分的一半长度内，设置栏杆或其他有效的排水设备，面积为舷墙总面积的33%；舷侧顶列板的上边缘应尽可能低；如上层建筑之间用凸形甲板相连接，则在干舷甲板开敞部分的全长内应设置栏杆。

所要求的舷墙排水舷口面积的有效性是基于海水在船舶甲板上能自由横向流动的条件而言。如由于存在连续的凸形甲板或货舱口围板，甲板上的海水不能自由流动，则舷墙的排水舷口面积可按法规中的相应规定计算。

舷墙上的所有上述开口，应用间距约为230mm的栏杆或铁条保护，以使净空间距不大于230mm。

核定“B”型船舶减小干舷，且在干舷甲板上设有舷墙的船舶的排水设施。

干舷减少值不大于B表和A表差额60％的“B”型船舶，其舷墙下部的排水舷口面积应至少等于舷墙总面积的25％。

舷侧顶列板的上边缘应尽可能地低。

设有舷墙的“A”型船舶和具有围壁通道的“B”型船舶的排水设施。

在舷墙下部的排水舷口面积占舷墙总面积的33％时，认为提供了“至少应在露天甲板开敞部分的一半长度内设置栏杆或其他有效的排水设备”中所提到“其他有效的排水设施”，亦可认为等同于“在干舷甲板露天部分的凸形甲板区域内，至少应在其长度一半的范围内装设栏杆”中要求的围壁通道50％的栅栏杆。

1.9      锚链管和锚链舱的检查

通过初次检验和定期检验确认国内海船锚链管和锚链舱的设置满足相关要求。

1.9.1     国内海船锚链管和锚链舱的检查

1.9.1.1   初次检验

1.9.1.1.1. 图纸的审查

查核业经审批的与国内海船锚链管和锚链舱有关的设计图纸资料的完整性及相关的审图意见，包括但不限于下列图纸：

基本结构图；

水密舱壁图；

人孔盖、小舱口盖等开口布置图；

关于弃链器的设置的图纸；等。

1.9.1.1.2  现场检验

锚链管和锚链柜（适用于2011年9月1日或以后安放龙骨或处于相应建造阶段的船舶）

远海航区船舶的锚链管和锚链柜应水密延伸至露天甲板。若设有出入口，则应用坚固的盖关闭并用间距紧密的螺栓紧固。

其他航区船舶的锚链管和锚链柜应水密延伸至干舷甲板，且若在干舷甲板以下部分之上设有出入口，则应用坚固的盖关闭并用间距紧密的螺栓紧固。若设有上层建筑，则锚链管和锚链柜至少应自干舷甲板风雨密延伸至露天甲板，且若在该延伸部分之上设有出入口，则应保持风雨密关闭。

核查国内海船锚链管和锚链舱已按审批图纸进行建造和设置，确认船图一致性。

1.10     泄水孔、进水孔和排水孔的检查

通过初次检验和定期检验确认船舶泄水孔、进水孔和排水孔的设置和状况满足相关要求。

1.10.1    国内海船泄水孔、进水孔和排水孔的检查

1.10.1.1  初次检验

1.10.1.1.1 图纸的审查

查核业经审批的与船舶泄水孔、进水孔和排水孔有关的设计图纸资料的完整性及相关的审图意见，包括但不限于下列图纸：

泄水孔、进水孔和排水孔布置图；等。

1.10.1.1.2 现场检验

核查船舶泄水孔、进水孔和排水孔已按审批图纸进行设置，确认船图一致性。

1.10.1.1.2.1 泄水孔、进水孔和排水孔检查：

a、舷内开口距夏季载重水线的距离小于0.01L时，应设置1个能从干舷甲板以上某一位置可靠关闭的自动止回阀（1个自动止回阀和1个可从干舷甲板以上位置控制的截止阀与上述从干舷甲板以上某一位置可靠关闭的自动止回阀等效），如果排水管或泄水管通过机器处所的外板至舷外，则在外板上设置1个就地操作的截止阀及1个船内止回阀即可（注意止回阀应位于截止阀的舷内侧，另外无人机器处所单就载重线的要求而言可视为有人操作的机器处所，但在系统中应安装适当的报警设备以用来指示海水是否渗入了机器处所。阀门的控制设备的位置选择应考虑到达该处的时间延迟的问题。）。

b、舷内开口距夏季载重水线的距离大于0.01L且小于0.02L时，可仅在泄水管或排水管设置两个自动止回阀，置于舷内的阀在营运状态下应始终便于接近，即船内的阀应在热带载重水线以上，如实际情况无法满足时，则在两个自动止回阀之间插入1个就地控制的截止阀，此时船内的阀不必位于热带载重水线以上。

c、舷内开口距夏季载重水线的距离大于0.02L时，泄水管或排水管上设置1个自动止回阀即可。如果舷外侧的阀门没有直接位于船壳板上，则船壳板开口至阀门间的短管应具有足够厚度。

在上述文字中，‘足够厚度’的含义如下：

管子外径等于或大于80mm时，厚度不小于7.0mm；管子外径180mm时，厚度不小于10.0mm；管子外径等于或大于220mm时，厚度不小于12.5mm。中间尺寸用线性内插法确定。

以上对于止回阀的要求仅适用于船舶正常营运时始终开放的排泄口，对于航行时必须关闭的排泄口，例如从顶边压载舱的重力排放，则装设1个可从干舷甲板上操作的截止阀就可以认为提供了有效的保护。

当勘划木材载重线时，排水孔、泄水孔的舷内开口位置应认为与木材载重线相对应。

如果干舷甲板边缘在船舶向任何一舷横倾超过5゜时才淹没，则从位于干舷甲板上封闭货物处所内引出通过外板的泄水孔是允许的，否则排水应按要求引向舷内。

所有外板上的附件和上述所要求的阀应为钢质、青铜或其他批准的韧性材料，不允许采用普通生铁或类似材料制成的阀；上述所涉及的一切管系应为钢质。如果卫生水排水管或泄水管采用塑料管道，除要满足上述要求外，船壳板上的阀应从阀门所处的处所之外进行操作，如果这些塑料管位于夏季载重水线以下，该阀应从干舷甲板以上位置进行操作，从船壳板至第1个阀门之间的排放管路及船壳附件及阀门应是钢质、青铜或其他认可的韧性材料，此外还需考虑到塑料管的强度、贯穿件及防火的要求。

1.10.1.1.2.2 检查船壳板上的泄水孔和排水孔关闭阀件的船用产品合格证，所有船壳附件和阀门应为钢质、青铜或其它经认可的韧性材料，不允许采用普通的生铁或类似材料制成的阀门。

1.10.1.1.2.3 按批准图纸检查船壳上泄水孔和排水孔及其关闭设备的布置情况。

1.10.1.1.2.4 在干舷甲板以下处所或干舷甲板上的封闭上层建筑和甲板室内的排水管，当通过在外板上的开孔通至舷外时，均应装设坚固的和便于检查的关闭装置，以防海水浸入船内。

1.10.1.1.2.5 通常，每一独立的舷外排水口均应装设能在干舷甲板以上操纵的截止止回阀。该阀应能从干舷甲板上直接操作，在操纵位置应装有表示该阀开启和关闭的指示器。

1.10.1.1.2.6 阀的布置：

当从夏季载重水线至排水管的船内端口的垂直距离F不超过0.01L（船长）时，阀的布置如图10.1所示。

当从夏季载重水线至排水管的船内端口的垂直距离F超过0.01L（船长）但不超过0.02L时，如果在营运状态可随时对船内的阀进行检查，则该排水管可装两个不带直接关闭装置的止回阀来代替截止止回阀，其中一只止回阀应装在外板内侧，阀的布置如图10.2所示。

当从夏季载重水线至排水管的船内端口的垂直距离F超过0.02L时，则可在外板内侧装一只不带直接关闭装置的止回阀，阀的布置如图10.3所示。

 

图 10.1 排水口阀的布置

  

图 10.2  排水口阀的布置

   

图10.3  排水口阀的布置

 

图 10.4  关闭设备分类图示

 

1.10.1.1.2.7 关闭设备分类如图10.4所示，其中：

A—如果船舷排水孔位于干舷甲板以下大于450mm处或在夏季载重线以上小于600mm处，均应在船壳板处设止回阀；或要求在船壳与夏季载重水线以上600mm处的管系具有足够厚度，则此阀可以不装。

B—应有一个自动止回阀。

C—应有２个自动止回阀，可不设直接关闭设备，但一个应在船壳板处，另一个应在最深季节载重线以上，且在营运条件下，能便于经常进行检查。

D—在船壳板处有一个自动止回阀，并具备从干舷甲板上某一位置能直接操纵的设备。

E和D要求相同，如在管路上设有一个止回阀，则船壳板处可设一个闸门阀，且该阀可在人工操纵的机器处所最低工作平台以上进行控制。

G和C要求相同，但船内的阀可设在载重水线以下，只要在2个自动止回阀间设有一个控制阀。

1.10.1.1.2.8 在人工操纵的机器处所内，对于主、副推进机器用的主、副海水进水口和排水口及应急舱底水系统的控制设备应位于在营运中随时便于检视的部位。这些控制设备应设置在工作平台以上的合理高度处。所有船舷边阀的控制设备应有指示器，清楚地显示阀的开启还是关闭。

全自动化的机器处所可以作为人工操纵的机器处所对待，但在系统中应安装适当的报警设备以用来指示海水是否渗入了机器处所。阀门的控制设备的位置选择应考虑到达该处的时间延迟的问题。

1.10.1.1.2.9 起始于任何水平面的泄水管及排水管，不论是在干舷甲板以下大于450毫米或夏季载重水线以上少于600毫米处穿越船壳板，应装设：

a、尽可能靠近船壳板装设一只止回阀并予牢靠地连接，或

b、在船壳板与夏季载重水线以上600毫米处的管路应有足够厚度：

(1) 管路的外径少于或等于80毫米，厚度不小于7.0毫米；

(2) 管路的外径为180毫米，厚度不小于10.0毫米；

(3) 管路的外径等于或大于220毫米，厚度不小于12.5毫米；

管路的外径为中间值时可用内插法来决定。

1.10.1.1.2.10 在“A”型船舶上，其中部有桥楼或甲板室，从这些处所导出的泄水管及排水管经过下方的货油舱柜，其管路的厚度应至少为船中部船壳板的厚度相同，但不必超过19毫米。在船壳上可以不装设阀门。

1.10.1.1.2.11 检查短管与船壳板连接焊缝的密性（可用煤油试验）

1.10.1.1.2.12 检查关闭设备的效用情况

1.11       载运木材甲板货装置的检查

通过初次检验和定期检验确认船舶载运木材甲板货装置的制造和设置情况满足相关要求。

1.11.1      国内海船载运木材甲板货装置的检查

1.11.1.1     初次检验

1.11.1.1.1   图纸的审查

查核业经审批的与船舶   有关的设计图纸资料的完整性及相关的审图意见，包括但不限于下列图纸：

干舷计算书（含木材载重线的计算和核定）；

载重线标志图（含木材载重线的核定）；

木材甲板货装载布置图，包括用于装载木材甲板货的属具和设施的图纸；等。

1.11.1.1.2    现场检验

对于核定木材载重线的船舶，核查船舶载运木材甲板货装置已按审批图纸进行制造和设置，确认船图一致性。

检查装载木材用的甲板立柱及承臼和绑扎及系固装置的情况，并核查装运木材甲板货时船员通道与安全绳的配置。

适用时，应根据公约的要求检查对操舵装置的保护装置（护拦等）。

1.12        倾斜试验、空船重量测量的检查

通过倾斜试验、空船重量测量确定船舶的空船重量和重心位置。

1.12.1       国内海船倾斜试验、空船重量测量的检查

1.12.1.1     初次检验

1.12.1.1.1   图纸的审查

查核业经审批的与船舶重量和重心位置有关的设计图纸资料的完整性及相关的审图意见，包括但不限于下列图纸：

空船重量估算；

初步完整稳性估算；

舱容图和舱容表；等。

1.12.1.1.2   现场检验

船舶建造完工后，见证倾斜试验。

每艘船舶完工时都应进行倾斜试验确定空船状态的实际排水量和重心位置。除主管机关另有规定外，对同一船厂同批建造的同型船舶，如果经过空船重量测定后续船与首制船之间空船重量的偏差值不超过2%且重心纵向位置的偏差不超过1%船长，则可免除进行倾斜试验。如果由于船的大小、布置、强度或船型使得倾斜试验实际上是难以进行时，经相应免除程序后，可以通过详细的重量估算并经空船重量检验验证而确定空船特性。

具体方法及有关要求详见本社指导性文件《船舶倾斜试验与静水横摇试验实施指南》。

当船舶由国际航行转为国内航行，进行首次应用《国内海船法规》的初次检验时，如果建造检验是由本社或原中国船检局进行的，可以认可原倾斜试验报告；如果是由其他验船机构进行的，原则上要求重新进行倾斜试验。

小型船舶的灌水试验应按照相关法规要求进行。

III-B4-2-2     国内海船和内河船舶载重线检验详细要求和指导-换证检验

2.1      船体结构完整性和船舶强度的检查

通过初次检验和定期检验确认船舶船体结构的完整性和船舶具有足够的强度。

2.1.1     国内海船船体结构完整性和船舶强度的检查

2.1.1.1   换证检验

核查确认船舶保持了足够的船体强度。

按照规范，船舶结构在船级特检或适航证书的换证检验中应予以检验，通过总体核查确认船体强度是足够的。如果此时没有进行此类检验，验船师仅凭对各货舱和处所一般性检查就擅自确信船舶总强度足够是不可靠的，事实上这种船级状况对于船舶结构强度是没有保证的。同时应向船长了解船舶在过去的装载中是否出现船舶强度不足的现象，如：结构的应力变形等。

2.2     船上稳性资料、装载手册等的检查

通过初次检验和定期检验确认船上保存有批准的完整稳性等文件资料。

2.2.1    国内海船稳性资料、装载手册等的检查

2.2.1.1   换证检验

查阅船舶是否备有经本社或主管机关认可的装载手册、稳性资料，且装载手册和稳性资料所采用的应是船上的工作语言。

2.3      船舶布置和稳性变化情况的检查

通过定期检验确认船舶布置和稳性是否曾发生实质性的变化。

2.3.1    国内海船船舶布置和稳性变化情况的检查

2.3.1.1   换证检验

查阅船舶是否备有本社的国内海船初次检验记录，通过核对该记录中载重线部分的内容，确认自上次载重线检验以来没有发生影响干舷核定的改变。如果有这种改变，验船师应予以处理，并在报告中加以说明。

2.4      载重线标志、水尺等的检查

通过初次检验和定期检验确认船舶正确勘划了载重线、水尺、作业吃水、最大沉深吃水等标志。

2.4.1    国内海船载重线标志、水尺等的检查

2.4.1.1   换证检验

检查甲板线和载重线标志以及作业吃水、最大沉深吃水等其它标志与证书完全相符，标志油漆清晰可见。有怀疑时，可进行实船测量。注意核查海船检﹝2011﹞254号“关于印发载重线标志和水尺堪划及船体颜色检验指南的通知”和海船检﹝2011﹞255“关于印发船体颜色标志和水尺堪划暂行规定的通知”要求（我社BJDND(2011)0300号通知）的满足情况。

适用时，检查被允许减少干舷航行船舶的特殊要求。

注意关注该船的载重线标志是否满足该船的营运航行区域和季节的要求。

2.5     各种甲板开口的检查

通过初次检验和定期检验确认船舶干舷甲板和上层建筑甲板上的门、舷窗、窗、天窗、小舱口、升降口、机舱开口、通风筒、空气管等各种开口及其关闭装置的安装以及密性情况。

2.5.1     国内海船各种甲板开口的检查

2.5.1.1   换证检验

通过全面检查和试验确认干舷甲板和上层建筑甲板上各种开口保护装置保持有效状态。

2.5.1.1.1 封闭上层建筑端壁的出入口

结构、密封衬垫和夹扣装置应保持有效（注意装置是否被油漆或锈蚀卡住）。对风雨密门应作冲水试验，保证风雨密。

2.5.1.1.2 干舷甲板和上层建筑甲板的各种开口

这部分包括甲板上的货舱升降口、平舱口、机舱开口、首楼甲板和尾楼甲板的小舱口、其他舱口和其他开口的风雨密关闭装置等。检查应包括对其围板的结构和盖板结构的近观检查；对关闭装置的完整性（锁紧螺旋和螺母、开舱后的固紧装置）进行检查和用冲水试验或其它等效方法检查密性情况。

2.5.1.1.3 通风筒、空气管

应对通风筒、空气管的围板作近观检查，特别注意在甲板根部和背面的腐蚀情况。注意确认通风筒防火挡板、空气管关闭装置的使用功能，如有怀疑时，应进行拆检，必要时进行相应的修理。通风筒的关闭装置应作密性检查，此种检查可以采用压粉方法。如通风筒设有防火挡板，还应确认挡板是否完整且关闭位置符合要求。空气管应检查其关闭装置是否处于有效状态，如关闭装置是采用自动止回布置的浮球或浮碟，验船师应从内外部全面检查浮球或浮碟是否丢失或破损，管头本体的腐蚀、磨耗情况以及能否保证可靠的关闭，特别应注意镀锌钢质管头的镀锌层的状况。

在上述检查中如发现异常情况，验船师应扩大检查的范围。此外对油船及一般船舶油舱的空气管还应检查防火网的完好情况。

2.5.1.1.4  舷窗

对舷窗及其风暴盖应进行详细检查，包括玻璃及其密封、风暴盖的上紧螺杆和螺母。然后所有舷窗进行冲水试验。

2.6      艏门、艉门、舷门等舷侧开口及其关闭装置的检查

通过初次检验和定期检验确认船舶的艏门、艉门、舷门等舷侧开口及其关闭装置的布置、安装、效用和密性情况。

2.6.1    国内海船舷侧开口及其关闭装置的检查

2.6.1.1   换证检验

检查艏门、艉门和舷门（适用时，包括其它舷侧开口）结构构件的腐蚀情况，对其关闭装置应进行检验和开关试验，检查锁紧机构的工作可靠性，进行冲水试验。

2.7      货舱舱口围板、舱口盖的检查

通过初次检验和定期检验确认船舶货舱舱口围板、舱口盖的结构和密性以及舱口盖的开闭机构处于正常状态。

2.7.1    国内海船货舱舱口围板、舱口盖的检查

2.7.1.1   换证检验

按照以下要求对货舱舱口盖和舱口围板进行检验。

2.7.1.1.1 采用活动箱口盖关闭的舱口

2.7.1.1.1.1 舱口盖

检查舱口盖（连同箍环）的数目和状况，当舱口盖换新时，验船师应确认新舱口盖的特征应与原来的是一样的。

2.7.1.1.1.2 活动梁

应检查活动梁的状况，是否存在过度的腐蚀或变形，如果存在影响舱口盖存放的变形，应要求修理或更新。

2.7.1.1.1.3 箱形舱口盖

检查箱形舱口盖的腐蚀和变形情况。

2.7.1.1.1.4 舱口楔耳

检查楔耳的磨损、变形及锈蚀情况，楔耳的情况将直接影响与压条和楔子的配合和舱口的密性

2.7.1.1.1.5 舱口压条和楔子

验船师检查确信压条和楔子的数量是足够的，特别是船上经常使用的楔子。

2.7.1.1.1.6 舱口盖布

至少应配备两层舱口盖布，因为盖布在露天条件下非常容易损坏，验船师确认经过修理的帆布不致影响其风雨密。

2.7.1.1.2  设有衬垫和夹扣装置的风雨密钢质舱口盖关闭舱口

2.7.1.1.2.1 风雨密舱口盖

舱口盖应仔细进行检查，特别对于锈蚀严重的边缘。关闭装置连同其轨道也应进行检查（保持关闭紧密性处于良好状态）。所有舱口盖应作冲水试验，保证风雨密。

2.7.1.1.2.2 舱口围板

应对舱口围板及其加强结构作近观检查。检查板的腐蚀情况，包括内表面、上部和甲板处的半圆钢；外部的加强结构，包括肘板、加强筋并注意肘板底部的腐蚀情况，应特别注意围板的顶部系紧拉杆开口附近的腐蚀和裂纹情况。对严重腐蚀或变形的部分应予修理。

2.8      舷墙、栏杆等船员保护装置的检查

通过初次检验和定期检验确认船舶的舷墙、栏杆等船员保护装置的设置符合相关要求。

2.8.1    国内海船舷墙、栏杆、疏排水系统、排水舷口、通道、扶梯、安全绳及其附属装置等船员保护装置的检查

2.8.1.1   换证检验

对舷墙、栏杆、排水舷口、通道、扶梯、安全绳及其附属装置等进行外观检验。

应检查排水舷口是否畅顺；对设有挡板装置的排水舷口，应检查挡板的完整性、是否活络及其状态。

对船员保护设施，应检查栏杆、舷梯、甲板安全绳、梯道和舷墙的状态，特别应该注意栏杆最下方的开口的横杆是否损坏，而导致高度超过230 mm。检查中如发现舷梯出现过大的变形以至影响到使用时，验船师应向船东提出修理要求。

2.9      锚链管和锚链舱的检查

通过初次检验和定期检验确认国内海船锚链管和锚链舱的设置满足相关要求。

2.9.1    国内海船锚链管和锚链舱的检查

2.9.1.1   换证检验

锚链管和锚链柜（适用于2011年9月1日或以后安放龙骨或处于相应建造阶段的船舶）

检查锚链管和锚链柜上各种开口的密性情况，对于远海航区船舶，至露天甲板之间应保证水密；其他航区船舶，至干舷甲板之间应保证水密，干舷甲板至露天甲板之间应保证风雨密。

2.10     泄水孔、进水孔和排水孔的检查

通过初次检验和定期检验确认船舶泄水孔、进水孔和排水孔的设置和状况满足相关要求。

2.10.1   国内海船泄水孔、进水孔和排水孔的检查

2.10.1.1  换证检验

对泄水孔、进水孔和排水孔管路、阀件及其开关位置的指示情况进行详细检查。

2.11     载运木材甲板货装置的检查

通过初次检验和定期检验确认船舶载运木材甲板货装置的制造和设置情况满足相关要求。

2.11.1    国内海船载运木材甲板货装置的检查

2.11.1.1  换证检验

对于核定木材载重线的船舶，检查用于装载木材甲板货的属具与设施。

应查核装载木材甲板货装置的数量和状态，其中包括立柱、立柱座、系紧钢索、螺旋扣等，并核查装运木材甲板货时船员通道与安全绳的配置。

适用时，应根据公约的要求检查对操舵装置的保护装置（护拦等）。

2.12     倾斜试验、空船重量测量的检查

通过倾斜试验、空船重量测量确定船舶的空船重量和重心位置。

2.12.1   国内海船倾斜试验、空船重量测量的检查

2.12.1.1 换证检验

对于客船，确认船舶进行了每5年一次的空船重量测定。如果测定结果显示船舶的空船总量和重心纵向位置的变化超过了法规相关规定，应进一步核查导致变化的可能的原因，必要时重新校核船舶强度和稳性。

对货船无此项检验要求。

III-B4-2-3      国内海船和内河船舶载重线检验详细要求和指导-年度检验

3.1      船体结构完整性和船舶强度的检查

通过初次检验和定期检验确认船舶船体结构的完整性和船舶具有足够的强度。

3.1.1    国内海船船体结构完整性和船舶强度的检查

3.1.1.1   年度检验

对船舶总体强度进行普遍核查，确认整体情况正常，按照相关规范和法规要求维修和保养的船舶，可以认为具有足够的强度。

3.2      船上稳性资料、装载手册等的检查

通过初次检验和定期检验确认船上保存有批准的完整稳性等文件资料。

3.2.1    国内海船稳性资料、装载手册等的检查

3.2.1.1   年度检验

查阅船舶是否备有经本社或主管机关认可的装载手册、稳性资料，且装载手册和稳性资料所采用的应是船上的工作语言。

3.3      船舶布置和稳性变化情况的检查

通过定期检验确认船舶布置和稳性是否曾发生实质性的变化。

3.3.1    国内海船船舶布置和稳性变化情况的检查

3.3.1.1  年度检验

确认“船体或上层建筑没有发生可以影响确定载重线位置的计算的变化”，如果发生了这种改变，验船师应予以处理，并在报告中加以说明。

3.4      载重线标志、水尺等的检查

通过初次检验和定期检验确认船舶正确勘划了载重线、水尺、作业吃水、最大沉深吃水等标志。

3.4.1    国内海船载重线标志、水尺等的检查

3.4.1.1   年度检验

检查甲板线和载重线标志以及作业吃水、最大沉深吃水等其它标志与证书完全相符，标志油漆清晰可见。有怀疑时，可进行实船测量。并注意核查海船检﹝2011﹞254号“关于印发载重线标志和水尺堪划及船体颜色检验指南的通知”和海船检﹝2011﹞255“关于印发船体颜色标志和水尺堪划暂行规定的通知”要求（我社BJDND(2011)0300号通知）的满足情况。

适用时，检查被允许减少干舷航行船舶的特殊要求。

注意关注该船的载重线标志是否满足该船的营运航行区域和季节的要求。

3.5      各种甲板开口的检查

通过初次检验和定期检验确认船舶干舷甲板和上层建筑甲板上的门、舷窗、窗、天窗、小舱口、升降口、机舱开口、通风筒、空气管等各种开口及其关闭装置的安装以及密性情况。

3.5.1    国内海船各种甲板开口的检查

3.5.1.1   年度检验

全面检查干舷甲板和上层建筑甲板上各种开口保护装置保持有效状态，检验的方法可参见换证检验的要求，但关于对各种开口关闭装置的密性试验，仅在验船师认为必要时才进行：

开口保护装置包括机舱开口、上层建筑端壁上的开口、船员舱室出入口、甲板上的各种其它开口、通风筒、空气管及空气管管头、舷窗及其风雨密关闭设施等。注意确认通风筒防火挡板、空气管关闭装置的使用功能，如有怀疑时，应进行拆检，必要时进行相应的修理。

3.6      艏门、艉门、舷门等舷侧开口及其关闭装置的检查

通过初次检验和定期检验确认船舶的艏门、艉门、舷门等舷侧开口及其关闭装置的布置、安装、效用和密性情况。

3.6.1     国内海船舷侧开口及其关闭装置的检查

3.6.1.1   年度检验

检查艏门、艉门和舷门（适用时，包括其它舷侧开口）结构构件的腐蚀情况，对其关闭装置应进行检验和开关试验，检查锁紧机构的工作可靠性。仅在验船师认为必要时，才进行冲水试验。

3.7      货舱舱口围板、舱口盖的检查

通过初次检验和定期检验确认船舶货舱舱口围板、舱口盖的结构和密性以及舱口盖的开闭机构处于正常状态。

3.7.1    国内海船货舱舱口围板、舱口盖的检查

3.7.1.1   年度检验

按照以下要求对货舱舱口盖和舱口围板进行检验。

3.7.1.1.1 采用活动箱口盖关闭的舱口

3.7.1.1.1.1 舱口盖

检查舱口盖（连同箍环）的数目和状况，当舱口盖换新时，验船师应确认新舱口盖的特征应与原来的是一样的。

3.7.1.1.1.2 活动梁

应检查活动梁的状况，是否存在过度的腐蚀或变形，如果存在影响舱口盖存放的变形，应要求修理或更新。

3.7.1.1.1.3 箱形舱口盖

检查箱形舱口盖的腐蚀和变形情况。

3.7.1.1.1.4 舱口楔耳

检查楔耳的磨损、变形及锈蚀情况，楔耳的情况将直接影响与压条和楔子的配合和舱口的密性

3.7.1.1.1.5 舱口压条和楔子

验船师检查确信压条和楔子的数量是足够的，特别是船上经常使用的楔子。

3.7.1.1.1.6 舱口盖布

至少应配备两层舱口盖布，因为盖布在露天条件下非常容易损坏，验船师确认经过修理的帆布不致影响其风雨密。

3.7.1.1.2  设有衬垫和夹扣装置的风雨密钢质舱口盖关闭舱口

3.7.1.1.2.1 风雨密舱口盖

舱口盖应仔细进行检查，特别对于锈蚀严重的边缘。关闭装置连同其轨道也应进行检查（保持关闭紧密性处于良好状态）。舱口盖的冲水试验仅在验船师认为必要时才进行。

3.7.1.1.2.2 舱口围板

应对舱口围板及其加强结构作近观检查。检查板的腐蚀情况，包括内表面、上部和甲板处的半圆钢；外部的加强结构，包括肘板、加强筋并注意肘板底部的腐蚀情况，应特别注意围板的顶部系紧拉杆开口附近的腐蚀和裂纹情况。对严重腐蚀或变形的部分应予修理。

3.8      舷墙、栏杆等船员保护装置的检查

通过初次检验和定期检验确认船舶的舷墙、栏杆等船员保护装置的设置符合相关要求。

3.8.1    国内海船舷墙、栏杆、疏排水系统、排水舷口、通道、扶梯、安全绳及其附属装置等船员保护装置的检查

3.8.1.1   年度检验

对舷墙、栏杆、排水舷口、通道、扶梯、安全绳及其附属装置等进行外观检验。

应检查排水舷口是否畅顺；对设有挡板装置的排水舷口，应检查挡板的完整性、是否活络及其状态。

对船员保护设施，应检查栏杆、舷梯、甲板安全绳、梯道和舷墙的状态，特别应该注意栏杆最下方的开口的横杆是否损坏，而导致高度超过230 mm。检查中如发现舷梯出现过大的变形以至影响到使用时，验船师应向船东提出修理要求。

3.9      锚链管和锚链舱的检查

通过初次检验和定期检验确认国内海船锚链管和锚链舱的设置满足相关要求。

3.9.1    国内海船锚链管和锚链舱的检查

3.9.1.1   年度检验

锚链管和锚链柜（适用于2011年9月1日或以后安放龙骨或处于相应建造阶段的船舶）

检查锚链管和锚链柜上各种开口的密性情况，对于远海航区船舶，至露天甲板之间应保证水密；其他航区船舶，至干舷甲板之间应保证水密，干舷甲板至露天甲板之间应保证风雨密。

3.10     泄水孔、进水孔和排水孔的检查

通过初次检验和定期检验确认船舶泄水孔、进水孔和排水孔的设置和状况满足相关要求。

3.10.1   国内海船泄水孔、进水孔和排水孔的检查

3.10.1.1  年度检验

对进水管、排水管和泄水管管路和阀件的情况进行检验。

3.11     载运木材甲板货装置的检查

通过初次检验和定期检验确认船舶载运木材甲板货装置的制造和设置情况满足相关要求。

3.11.1   国内海船载运木材甲板货装置的检查

3.11.1.1  年度检验

对于核定木材载重线的船舶，检查用于装载木材甲板货的属具与设施。

应查核装载木材甲板货装置的数量和状态，其中包括立柱、立柱座、系紧钢索、螺旋扣等，并核查装运木材甲板货时船员通道与安全绳的配置。

适用时，应根据公约的要求检查对操舵装置的保护装置（护拦等）。

3.12     倾斜试验、空船重量测量的检查

通过倾斜试验、空船重量测量确定船舶的空船重量和重心位置。

3.12.1   国内海船倾斜试验、空船重量测量的检查

3.12.1.1  年度检验：

对于客船，确认船舶进行了每5年一次的空船重量测定。如果测定结果显示船舶的空船总量和重心纵向位置的变化超过了法规相关规定，应进一步核查导致变化的可能的原因，必要时重新校核船舶强度和稳性。

对货船无此项检验要求。