6.3 The ship-owners are responsible for ensuring that the alternative facilities are suitable for inspection. The equipment is to be operated by qualified personnel and the equipment has been provided with evidence for maintenance by shore-based supplier.

 

6.3      Detailed rules and regulations of alternative facilities

The ship-owners are responsible for ensuring that the alternative facilities are suitable for inspection. The equipment is to be operated by qualified personnel and the equipment has been provided with evidence for maintenance by shore-based supplier.

6.3.1   Hydraulic arm vehicles (cherry picker)

The hydraulic arm vehicles can be used to inspect the structure on bulk carriers not accessable by permanent ladders. It can be accepted as movable means for use up to 17m above the tank top.

Safety routines (refer to Rec No.91 Reg.5.1.2)

 

6.3.2      Wire lift platform

The wire lift platform can be used for inspection of the structure of ballast tanks, cargo oil tanks and cargo holds. Such equipment is to be able to carry more than one person and operated by authorized personnel. If carried on board and included into the Ship Structure Access Manual, the designer must take into consideration safety aspects associated with deployment and use of this equipment. The Platform and equipment, including the fixed points to the ship structure are to be approved on behalf of the Administration being based on a recognized International or National Standards.

The following are to be addressed for approval:

Accident loss of balance;

Permissible weight;

Protection against overload;

Secondary means of escape;

Guard rails;

Permissible loads;

Permanent markings of allowable loads;

            Recovery in the event of power loss.

           Safety routines (refer to Rec No.91 Reg.5.2.2)

 

6.3.3      Portable platforms

The portable platform which is not more than 3m in length can be used for access between the longitudinal permanent means of access and the structural members to be accessed (see diagram below). Unless a safety harness is used in conjunction with the prearranged handgrips in way of the structure being accessed, otherwise, the platform is to be provided with handrails.

 

The premise to use portable platform is that the platform and equipment, including fixed points to the ship’s structure are specifically designed for the task and approved by the Administration in accordance with international or national standards.

When the portable platform is included in the approved Ship Structure Accsess Manual, the following contents must be considered prior to approval:

Permissible loads;

     Permanent markings of allowable loads;

     Fixing arrangements;

     Guard Rail;

     Non skid construction

     Safety routines (refer to Rec No.91 Reg.5.3.2)

6.3.4      Staging

Staging is the most common means of access provided especially where repairs or renewals are being carried out. Staging is genenrally an option for access to any structural memebers to be surveyed and measured in liquid tanks, cargo holds and other spaces, but it is not considered as an alternative means. The staging which is not carried on the board is no need of approval, and under this case, the ship-owners and equipment providers are responsible for ensuring safe use.

When the staging and its associated equipment (including its attachments to the ship’s structure) are specially designed for inspection and thickness measurement according to SOLAS Ch.II-1/Reg.3-6, they are to obtain the approval of the Administration in accordance with recognized international or national standards and special consideration for safe use.

Safety routines (refer to Rec No.91 Reg.5.4.2)

 

6.3.5     Rafting

It usually refers to the use of boats or rafts for surveys and can be used as the way to check the internal structure in liquid tanks, cargo holds and other spaces which can be filled with water. When the raft is used as movable means of access mentioned in Ship Structure Access Manual, it is to comply with the regulations of IACS Rec.No.39 Safe Use of Rafts or Boats for Survey.

The structure arrangement is to ensure easy escape to the deck from any position being rafted. At least 1.0m clearance above and 0.5m clearance beyond the breadth of the raft are to be allowed for the safe passage passed any internal obstruction.

Bulk cargo holds

For the bulk cargo holds designed for filling water (for example ballast holds)  and where filling up to a height not less than 2m below top of side frames is permitted, rafting can be considered as permanent means of access to side frames provided the structural capacity of the hold is sufficient to withstand static loads at all levels of water needed to survey the side shell frames (see the restrictions of rafts used within the cargo holds in UR Z10.2 & 10.5).

Oil cargo tanks

Rafting of cargo tanks is subject to restrictions on discharging of water in harbour and weather conditions at voyage. Therefore, rafting as alternative means of access is not to be considered as an alternative to fitting of longitudinal permanent means of access in the cargo oil tank. (See the restrictions of rafts used within the cargo holds in UR Z10.2 & 10.5).

Safety routines (refer to Rec No.91 Reg.5.5.2)

 

6.3.6     Portable ladders

Portable ladder can be used for access to any structural members as supplementary and additional to permanent means of access and is included in Ship Structure Access Manual.

When portable ladder is included in the Ship Structure Access Manual as a portable means of access, it is to comply with the requirement of IACS Rec.No.78 Safe Use of Portable Ladder for Close-up Surveys.

The length of free standing portable ladder shall not be longer than 5m.  

The portable ladder with length over 5 m can only be used if fitted with a mechanical device to secure    the upper end of the ladder.

Under the conditions meeting Section 5.3 of IACS UR Z10.2,  portable ladder fitted with a mechanical device to secure the upper end of the ladder is acceptable for the close up survey of lower one third length of the side frame and attachment and the adjacent shell plating of the cargo hold at annual survey.

The routine safe measures for use of portable ladder is shown in Rec No.91 Reg.5.6.2.  

 

6.3.7     Innovative approach

Any proposal for innovative means of access is to be trialed outside the mandatory requirements of the SOLAS regulation II-1/3-6 and is not to be accepted as meeting this regulation until accepted by the IACS Survey Panel.

 

6.3 船东负有确保替代设施适于检验使用的职责。设备应由有资质的人员操作并提供设备已经岸基提供商进行维护保养的证据。

6.3       替代设施使用细则

船东负有确保替代设施适于检验使用的职责。设备应由有资质的人员操作并提供设备已经岸基提供商进行维护保养的证据。

6.3.1     液压臂车（车载升降台）

液压车可以用于对永久性梯子无法接近的散货船货舱结构的检查。其可以作为移动设备用于最高不超过内底板17米的位置的检查。

安全程序（参见Rec No.91 Reg.5.1.2）

6.3.2     钢索升降平台

钢索升降平台可以用于检查压载舱、货油舱和货舱的结构。此类设备应能承载一个以上的人员，并由经授权的人员操作。如果将其装上船并纳入《船舶结构通道手册》，则设计者必须考虑展开并使用该设备的安全。平台及包括与船舶结构的连接件在内的设备应得到主管机关依据国际或国内标准的认可。

应针对下列内容认可：

意外丧失平衡；

许可重量；

过载保护；

次脱险方式；

护栏；

许可载荷；

许可载荷的永久性标志；

动力丧失时的恢复。

安全程序（参见Rec No.91 Reg.5.2.2）

6.3.3    可携平台

不超过3米的可携平台可用于搭在纵向连续通道和准备接近的构件间（见下图）。除非设有连接在预先布置在拟接近构件的手柄上的安全绳，否则平台上应设有栏杆。

使用可携平台的前提是这种平台、设备及船舶结构上的固定点必须针对其任务进行特别设计并得到主管机关依据国际或国内标准的认可。

当可携平台被纳入认可的《船舶结构通道手册》时，下列内容须在认可的考量内：

许可载荷；

许可载荷的永久性标记；

系固布置；

栏杆；

止滑结构。

安全程序（参见Rec No.91 Reg.5.3.2）

 

6.3.4     脚手架

脚手架是最常用的接近方式，特别是在修理或换新的时候。脚手架通常被认为是接近任何液舱、货舱及其他处所的结构构件以进行检查和测量的方式，但不认为是一种替代措施。不是由船上搭建的脚手架不需要认可，这种情况下由船东和设备提供方负责保证安全使用。

当脚手架及其附属设备（包括与船舶结构连接的附件）依据SOLAS Ch.II-1/Reg.3-6特殊设计用作检验和测厚时，其应得到主管机关依据国际或国内标准的认可和为了安全使用的特殊考虑。

安全程序（参见Rec No.91 Reg.5.4.2）

6.3.5     筏

通常是指使用小艇或筏进行检验。它可以用于检查液舱、货舱及其他可以装水的处所的内部构建的方式。当筏被作为《船舶结构通道手册》中的可移动接近措施时，应遵守IACS Rec.No.39《安全使用筏或小艇检验》的规定。

结构布置应保证能从任何用筏检查的部位都能够容易的逃生至甲板。为保证筏能够安全通过内部障碍结构，至少要保证上方有1米的间隙，横向有0.5米的间隙。

散货舱

对于设计可以装水且水位距舷侧肋骨表面不低于2米的散货舱（如兼用压载舱），筏可以认为是一种永久性的接近舷侧肋骨的方式，此时要保证舱内的构件能够承受检验所需的任何水位带来的静负荷（参见UR Z10.2&10.5中关于在货舱内使用筏的限制）。

货油舱

在货油舱使用筏要受到港口排水和海上天气的限制。因此作为替代措施而使用筏不被视为是在货油舱内替代永久的纵向通道的措施。（参见UR Z10.1&10.4中在货舱使用筏的限制）。

安全程序（参见Rec No.91 Reg.5.5.2）

6.3.6     可携梯

可携梯可以作为永久性通道的补充和附加用于任何结构并被纳入《船舶结构通道手册》。

当可携梯被纳入《船舶结构通道手册》作为一种可携式通道时，应遵守IACS Rec.No.78《在近观检查时安全使用可携梯》的要求。

       独立式可携梯的长度不应超过5M。

       长度超过5 m 的可携式梯子仅在设有能固定梯子上端的机械装置时才可使用。

在满足IACS UR Z10.2的第5.3款的情况下，设有能固定梯子上端的机械装置的可携梯可被接受用来对年检时要求的货舱肋骨的下1/3及其附连的构件和外板的近观检查。

       使用可携式梯时，其例行安全措施参见IACS Rec No.91 Reg.5.6.2

 

6.3.7     创新方式

任何在依据SOLAS Ch.II-1/Reg.3-6制定的主管机关要求之外的创新方式都应被试验，在被IACS检验委员会接受前不得被视为被本规则接受。